Uso de bactérias do gênero Bacillus como promotoras de crescimento para a cultura do milho e da soja

Abstract

The corn and soy bean culture is one of the spearhead of the recent expansion of the Brazilian agriculture activity. Cultivated all over Brazil they are used either for feeding, or for other alternative uses.The current model of agriculture production privileges the intensive use of industrialized ingredients, neglecting the potential and the offered opportunities by the biological components of the soil in pros of the production in a sustainable basis. The rizobacterias promoter of the plants growth (RPCPs) are a possibility for the reduction of chemical fertilizers use, rise in the productivity and decreasing of the costs for the corn production. The goals of this experiment will be evaluating the effect of bacterias from the Bacillus gender; about the parameters: germination, growth and nutrition of the corn and soy bean plants. It has been used two different formulation based on Bacillus. For the corn culture the inoculation has been done directly in washed and unwashed seeds, but for the soybean culture the inoculation has been done with seeds that came straight from the soil. The experiment has realized with 03 repetitions, totalizing 108 vases. The plantation if the inoculates seeds with RPCPs of the Bacillus gender was done with different dosages of fertilizer NPK, in the ideal dosage for each culture, 50% of the ideal and without any fertilizer application, being planted 10 seeds a vase. After 15 days from the plantation the number of emerged plants was evaluated, finding that the inoculated seeds with the microbiological preparations, had lower performance regarding to its witnesses. Seventy days after the plantation, the growth and nutrition characteristics were evaluated. To analyze the data the system of analysis of variance was used and the Tukey test with 95% of reliance using the statistic program SISVAR 5.3. For the corn plants, the best results were from the unwashed seeds, and for the soybean the best incomes were found in plants with the inoculum in the soil. The microorganisms were more efficient in the soybean culture.