Biossorção do corante azul reativo 5G em efluentes têxteis utilizando resíduos agroindustriais

Abstract

The pollution by synthetic dyes from the dyeing process has seriously damaged the aquatic biota of receivers bodies, requiring thus, efficient and inexpensive alternatives to remove these contaminants before they are released to the environment. An alternative method is adsorption using agro industrial biomass as adsorbents, which besides removing of the environmental dyes have the advantage of the reuse of waste that would be discarded. In this work, the sheath peach palm and cassava peel, both in its form in nature and chemically treated, were studied as its adsorption capacity of reactive blue dye 5G. The characterization of the samples was realized using MEV and spectroscopy in infrared region which identified the presence of carboxylic groups, hydroxyl and carbonyl in both materials. Was also evaluated from the TGA the thermal behavior of the samples, it can noted three stages of degradation: Moisture removal, decomposition of hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin. The kinetic test showed a equilibration time of 20 to 200 minute for cassava biomass of cassava in nature and modified, respectively. For biomass from peach palm the adsorption equilibrium time was from 600 minutes for both adsorbents. The model of pseudo-second order was the that best fit to the experimental data for both, however, the peach palm in nature also follows a kinetics described by intra-particle diffusion model. The experimental data obtained in equilibrium test were adjusted to Freundlich isotherm model, suggesting that the removal of the dye is based in a multilayer adsorption on the surface of the adsorbents. The maximum biosorption capacity was 21.3 mg g-1 for modified cassava biomass and 21.4 mg g-1 for biomass from peach palm in nature. Both adsorbents when applied in industrial effluent showed good efficiency in removal of this dye in aqueous medium. Thus, aiming at industrial application, it becomes feasible work with the biomass of peach palm and cassava in nature form, due to its low cost of implementation and not generate new waste resulting from the modification. Thus, the use of sheath of peach palm and cassava to be a alternative for the adsorption of the dye reactive blue 5G in aqueous effluents.