O impacto do investimento em saúde pública no desenvolvimento econômico e social: uma análise dos municípios do Paraná

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to analyze if there is impact on public health investment in the path of economic and social development, analyzed on a local scale, whose spatial delimitation is the federative unity of Paraná, comprising 399 municipalities. As the basis of analysis, it was used macroeconomic variables grouped by municipalities. Initially it was made a literature review of issues related to the question, namely: economic development, social development, regional and local development, public policies for development, the different approaches of health economics and the economic mechanisms by which implement health lead to the acceleration of economic development. Later, it was made a brief overview of works that raise these issues; focus was given to work done in Latin America, because it is believed that they have a greater similarity with the Brazilian reality. Finally, to achieve the proposed objective was elaborated a panel data analysis for the 399 municipalities of the state of Paraná, relating a set of variables, which is the main features of the system in the region with data aimed at measuring the level local development, and these gross domestic product per capita and the index IPARDES municipal development. All data were collected from official secondary sources of the different spheres of government. As a result of this econometric analysis for the years 2007-2011 only be obtained a statistically significant variable that showed inversely related to explanatory variable GDP per capita, it is the number of community health workers, it is believed that this occurred because the nature of the service provided by these agents, whose objective is long-term. In common, on both models it was obtained three statistically significant variables, positive and different from zero, as follows: Total expenditure per capita expenditure on own resources and complementary health, these variables represent respectively the size of the structure public health placed at the disposal of the population, the total resources of the exclusive management of local staff and services purchased by the public sector with the private sector. The fact that these variables are positive and different from zero makes us infer that the public health system has a positive impact on the trajectory of local development.