Avaliação dos tecidos periodontais e aorta abdominal de ratos com obesidade induzida pelo glutamato monossódico e periodontite experimental

Abstract

Background and Objective: Periodontal disease is a chronic disease that affects a major population part and has been associated with systemic changes. As a result, its relationship with obesity and atherosclerosis, it is a matter of concern for the health system.The aim of this study was to evaluate the behavior of periodontal tissues and abdominal aorta artery in rats with hypothalamic obesity associated with experimental periodontitis. Material and Methods: Twenty-eight male Wistar rats were divided , initially, into 2 groups that were subjected to intradermal injections of 4G/kg of solution of Monosodium glutamate (MSG) and 1,25G/kg/day of saline solution (group CTL)in the cervical region, in the first 5 days of life. At 70 days, the groups were subdivided into 2 another groups, where was induced periodontitis with the ligation placing in 1s lower molars; creating in this way 4 groups: control group without ligation (CTL); control group with ligation (CTL Lig); group MSG without ligation (MSG); group MSG with ligation (MSG Lig). After 100 days the rats were weighed and the naso-anal lenght was measured, so the index of Lee was determined and, then, the animals were sacrificed. Gingival tissue and abdominal aorta samples, as well as the hemi-jaws were withdrawn for immunological, morphological and radiographic analysis. Results: The interleukin-6 concentration in gingival tissue was significant in CTL Lig group, being that the Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha concentration in the abdominal aorta is higher in groups with experimental periodontitis (p< 0.05). Both the x-ray analysis as the histology showed a lower alveolar bone loss in the MSG Lig, group when compared to the CTL Lig group (p< 0.05). In the abdominal aorta morphometric analysis there was statistically significant 48 difference in the measurement of the artery wall diameter, being the largest diameter observed in the MSG Lig group (p< 0.05). Conclusion: Therefore, this study suggests that the periodontitis in association with the hypothalamic obesity may contribute to the increase of the width of the abdominal aorta walls, as well as the hypothalamic obesity may exert a protective effect on alveolar bone loss.