Diagnóstico da qualidade da água na bacia hidrográfica do Rio do Campo em Campo Mourão, PR

Abstract

The research carried out an analysis of the water quality of the rivers of the Rio do Campo Hydrographic Basin, considered as one of the main hydrographic basins in the municipality of Campo Mourão, Paraná, located in the Mesoregion of Centro Ocidental Paranaense. The study focused on Rio Km 119, Rio do Campo and Rio Km 123 due to their location, which maintains direct contact with the main agricultural and industrial activities developed in the municipality. The water quality indexes and the possible changes and influences that the anthropic dynamics establish on the cut were evaluated. Seven field campaigns were carried out during the year 2020 with the objective of collecting water samples and bottom sediments in five specific points in the analyzed rivers Dissolved Oxygen (DO), hydrogen potential (pH) parameters were analyzed. Alkalinity, Suspended Solids, Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD). For the sediment samples, analyzes of the concentration of metallic elements of Iron (Fe), Copper (Cu), Phosphorus (P), Manganese (Mn) and Zinc (Zn) were performed. The laboratory of the Sanitation Company of the State of Paraná (SANEPAR) was used for the analysis of water samples and the private laboratory of the municipality of Campo Mourão for the analysis of the sediments. The values obtained during the months of research were compared to the base established by the resolutions of the National Council for the Environment (CONAMA), being 430 from 2011 for water samples and 454 from 2012 for the values of metals concentrated in sediments, being also classified based on the pollution degree parameter elaborated by Thomas (1987) which indicates the degree of pollution of the sediments, attributing them in categories of not polluted, moderately polluted and very polluted. The results obtained regarding the physical-chemical parameters of water and concentration of trace metals in the sediments were adequate when compared to the indices indicated by legislation, recording a disagreement only in the BOD index. From the results obtained, it can be concluded that there is an influence of urban occupation close to water bodies that influence the erosive process of cargo transport in the rivers of the Rio do Campo Basin.