Substratos e adubações no cultivo de cactáceas em vasos e utilizadas em jardins verticais

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of using epiphytic cacti in pot cultivation for use in vertical gardens, determining ideal conditions for substrate and fertilization. Two experiments were carried out. For both, the experimental design used was randomized blocks in a 3 x 3 factorial scheme, in the first experiment [three genera of cacti (Rhipsalis spp., Epiphyllum spp. And Lepismium spp.) X three types of substrate (Humusfértil®, washed sand with texture medium + oxisol + manure (1: 1: 1, v: v) and oxisol + manure (1: 1, v: v)], and in the second experiment [the same three cactus genera (Rhipsalis spp., Epiphyllum spp. and Lepismium spp.) x three types of fertilization (leaf, slow release fertilizer and NPK)], each experiment contained 3 repetitions represented by 9 pots and 27 plants per repetition. from 2019 to July 2020 for the first experiment and from July 2020 to January 2021 for the second experiment.The absolute growth rate was determined for the number of shoots, shoot length (cm) and diameter of the cladode (dm) At the end of the experiment, evaluations of b yomas. The genera of cacti grown on different substrates showed higher rates of absolute growth up to 60 days. The best results were obtained in plants of Rhipsalis spp. grown in washed sand with medium texture + oxisol + manure. The plants of Epiphyllum spp. and Lepismium spp. had similar performance in all the substrates used. The different types of fertilization carried out promoted better ATT after 120 days, with emphasis on foliar fertilization. The substrates and fertilizers influence the growth and development of cacti in vertical gardens.