Acúmulo de nutrientes, óleos e graxas em latossolos adubados com dejetos de suínos

Abstract

The production of animal protein in confined space is an activity that has been highlighting in the western region of Paraná, due to the increase in the demand for food. The use of organic wastes as fertilizers is a profitable practice for the rural producer, but the application of high amounts and in a continuous way can cause accumulation of nutrients, biological agents as well as oils and greases that can cause environmental problems. The objective of this work was to evaluate the accumulation of phosphorus, potassium, copper, iron, manganese, zinc, oils and greases in Oxisols fertilized with swine manure. The experiments were installed in two municipalities in the state of Paraná. In Santa Tereza do Oeste it started in 2015. The treatments were three doses of liquid swine manure, on average, 50; 100 and 150 m³ ha-1 year-1 one control and one treatment with chemical fertilization using NPK formulated. In Palotina it was started in 1997 and the treatments were three doses of liquid swine manure, 30, 60 and 120 m³ ha-1 and one control. The experimental design was a randomized block with four replications in plots of 50 m2. Soil sampling was performed before planting the 2017/2018 crop in each plot at 0-5 and 5-10 cm depths. Contents of P, K, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn were evaluated by the Mehlich-1 method and the oil and grease content by the Soxhlet lipid extractor with organic solvent hexane. The data were submitted to analysis of variance and the averages were compared by the Tukey test at 5% probability. The application of swine manure influenced the levels of phosphorus, potassium, copper, manganese, zinc, oils and greases of the soil in the areas sampled, with a higher concentration observed in the 0-5 cm depth layer. The doses of the swine manire contributed significantly to the increase of phosphorus, potassium, copper, zinc, and oils and greases concentrations in the soil.