Processamento de rações e utilização de complexo multienzimático na produção de juvenis de Tilápia do Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus)

Abstract

Two trials were conducted to evaluate the effects of diets processing and a enzymatic (Cenzime®) inclusion on performance, body composition and water quality of juveniles Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The first experiment was conducted to evaluate the performance and body composition of Nile tilapia fed mealed, pelletized and extruded diets. Three hundred and sixty fish were utilized, reversed (1.47±0.05g). The fish were distributed in 18 tanks (500 L each) in a completely randomized design, with 20 fish per experimental unity. The fish were fed with diet containing 30% of the digestible protein and 3145 kcal/kg of digestible energy/kg, mealed, pelletized and extruded. In the experiment 2 a enzymatic (Cenzime ®) complex inclusion effects on productive performance, water quality and carcass composition of the Nile juvenile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) was evaluated. In this experiment, 200 fingerlings (14.57±1.24g) were distributed in a completely randomized design, with four treatments and five replicates in 20 tanks (500 L each). The fish were fed diets containing different inclusion levels (0; 0.033; 0.066 and 0.099%) of enzymatic (Cenzime®) complex, compound by amylase, protease, cellulase, lipase, pectinase, xilanase, β-glucanase and phytase. The diet were formulated with 30% of digestible protein and 3100kcal of digestible energy/kg. Fish were fed four times a day to apparent satisfy. In the experiment 1, weight gain (P<0.05), were higher in fish fed extruded and pelletized diets, and the best feed conversion and feed efficiency were observed in fish fed extruded diet. No differences on body composition was observed. Fish fed pelletized and extruded diets showed higher body fat. In the experiment 2, the inclusion of enzimatic complex did not influenced in total phosphorus, ammonia and water nitrate concentrations. No differences were observed on weight gain, survival and specific growth. The feed intake, feed conversion ratio and feed efficiency were higher in fish fed enzimatic (Cenzime®) complex. No differences on body composition were observed (P<0.05), except the body fat, that decreased according to enzimatic complex inclusion. It was concluded that pelletized and extruded diets improves performance and feed conversion ratio. Dietary inclusion of 0.066% of enzimátic (Cenzime®) complex in the Nile juvenile tilapia diet improves the performance of Nile tilapia fingerlings.