A Política Nacional de Assistência Social e o acesso aos direitos à universalidade e à equidade dos benefícios e serviços às populações rurais: um estudo de caso no município de Toledo-PR

Abstract

This dissertation has as study object the National Politics for Social Assistance and the access to the rights to universality and to equity of benefits and service to the rural people of Toledo, Paraná. It had as main objective explain how does the access to the rights to universality and equity of benefits and service of NPSA to the rural people of Toledo happens. The questions that guide this research referred to the access to the benefits and rights ensured on the National Politics for Social Assistance: 1) Are the services and benefits offered to the urban people and rural equitable? 2) Which is the access way to this services and benefits? 3) How does the benefits and services of NPSA to the rural people decentralization happens? 4) Are the rural demands ensured by the city planning? Based on these questions, the evaluated hypothesis was that the universality of services and benefits of NPSA doesn't happen in a equitable way for the urban and rural people. For this purpose, a case study had been realized based on documental, bibliographic and field research. For this research three managers of politics social assistance and 29 families benefited by a Brazilian social program "Programa Bolsa Familia" - PBF had been choosed, it had used a semi structured interview. This research has a qualitative and quantitative approach. The data interpreting was realized from the analysis of the content and from the analysis technique of main components applied on the variance and covariance matrix. The research gotten the following result: the users of political social assistance from the study city, that live in countryside has many difficulties related to the low education level, and to the lack of access to information and transport, these factors weaken the access to the benefits and services of social assistance offered priority in the urban areas. However, the research had identified a significant advance in the social assistance political, mainly after the creation of the Unique System for Social Assistance - USSA, that expanded the access to services and benefits for all the population. It also showed the commitment of professionals and managers of the city political social assistance in the perspective of enlargement of the access to all people that demand for the social assistance services