Embebição de sementes, temperatura na germinação e propagação assexual de fisális (Physalis spp.)

Abstract

The main methods of obtaining quality seedlings of cape gooseberry involve propagation by seed, softwood and micropropagation, being one of the most important factors for the establishment of new orchards. Given the above, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the soaking of seeds, germination temperature and asexual propagation of cape gooseberry, the production of quality seedlings. The experiments were conducted during the period from October/2011 to May/2012, the Station of Horticulture and Biological Control "Mário César Lopes," at the State University of West Paraná, Marechal Cândido Rondon Brazil. The experimental design used in the experiment with seeds was randomized with the following treatments 15, 20, 25, 30, 35 and 40 °C. The absorption curve was performed using three methods; paper soaked in water, seed submerged in water and paper roll chamber at 30 °C for 72 hours). In asexual propagation experiments used the experimental design in randomized blocks, factorial 3x3 (cutting length of 5, 10 and 15 cm x three species of cape gooseberry, Physalis angulate, P. peruviana and P. pubescens) and a 3x3 factorial (hardwood cuttings, semi-woody and herbaceous x three species of cape gooseberry, Physalis angulata, P. peruviana and P. pubescens), with four replications and 10 cuttings per replicate. At 60 days after implantation of the experiments were carried out assessments phytotechnical. To seeds of P. angulata, are considered optimum temperature for germination in the range 22 to 32 °C, minimum and maximum to 15 °C and 35 °C respectively. Seed imbibition present cape gooseberry raised to 10 ° hour, and early germination from the 48th hour. The size and type of cuttings affect the asexual propagation of cape gooseberry. Cuttings of 15 cm are suitable for the production of seedlings propagated asexually cape gooseberry. Hardwood cuttings show better results in the propagation of cape gooseberry