REVISÃO TAXONÔMICA DAS ESPERANÇAS DO GÊNERO ENGONIA (ORTHOPTERA: TETTIGONIIDAE: PHANEROPTERINAE)

Abstract

Tettigoniidae Krauss, 1902 is the most diverse family within Orthoptera, comprising over 8,400 species in 19 subfamilies. Among these, Phaneropterinae Burmeister, 1838 is the richest, with about 3,000 species. Within this subfamily, the tribe Cosmophyllini Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 is restricted to the Southern Hemisphere and includes six genera and ten described species, of which only Engonia Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 occurs in Brazil. Specimens of Engonia were examined from different localities across Brazil, from the South to the Northeast. Morphological analyses were conducted under a stereomicroscope, and detailed photographs of structures were taken. In addition, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images of male cercus structures were obtained to refine morphological descriptions. Distribution maps were generated using QGIS software. A total of 143 individuals were analyzed, resulting in the description of 13 new 14 species and the redescription of three previously known ones. Specimens were characterized according to general morphology and tegmen condition (brachypterous, mesopterous, and macropterous) and classified into two groups based on male cercus morphology and the lateral carinae of the pronotum. A dichotomous key for all known species of Engonia was also provided. This comprehensive taxonomic revision expands the known diversity and geographic range of the genus Engonia, contributing to a better understanding of Phaneropterinae diversity and biogeography in the Neotropical region. Key-wor ds