Avaliação da prevalência e severidade da doença periodontal em pacientes portadores de fissuras labiopalatina

Abstract

The cleft lip and palate (CLP) is the most common malformation diagnosed in the craniofacial region of live newborns, resulting from fusion in the anatomical fusion of facial processes. From the periodontal point of view, in the region of the fissure, a very shallow vestibule can be observed, the presence of cicatricial bridles, inadequate amount of keratinized mucosa, longer conjunctive insertion, irregularities in the dental arch, poorly developed bone structures and gingival recessions in the teeth. adjacent to the cleft, these changes affect the patients' ability to maintain adequate oral hygiene. Therefore, the aim of this study was to verify the prevalence and severity of periodontal disease in individuals with CLP. This is a study involving patients with CLP treated at the Center for Attention and Research in Craniofacial Anomalies (CEAPAC) of the Hospital Universitário do Oeste do Paraná (HUOP / UNIOESTE), in Cascavel / Pr. The patients were classified according to the type fissure and clinical examination were performed as measures of probing depth (PS), insertion level (NI), gingival index (IG), plaque index (IP), bleeding on probing (SS), width (LG) and keratinized tissue thickness (ETQ). The mean age of the patients obtained was 23.26 ± 9.64 years. In assessing family income, 53% reported receiving up to 1 minimum wage per person. The most prevalent type of cleft was the one involving the lip, socket and palate (LAP). In the evaluation of IP, IG, SS, ETQ and LG there was no statistically significant difference between the types of cleft or comparing the cleft region with an inferior arch. Regarding PS and clinical NI in the cleft region, patients with LAP cleft had a significant increase in relation to the others. The results close to cleft PS and NI, higher when compared to a lower arch. It was observed that a periodontal disease in patients with cleft lip and palate occurs similarly to other populations, and the presence of the cleft can be an aggravating factor for the prevalence and severity of the disease.