Estudo de caso de Geração Distribuída com Biogás no Aterro Municipal de Cascavel – PR

Abstract

Given the need for socioeconomic development of the world economy, it is necessary to adopt sustainable practices, mitigating possible environmental impacts caused by waste, valuing the latter economically. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the energy potential of an electricity generating unit connected to the grid, which uses landfill biogas as fuel. The study was carried out at the landfill in the city of Cascavel, Paraná, with a population of around 300,000 inhabitants, which produces around 280 tons of solid urban waste daily. to this end, equipment was used to measure fuel consumption, the power generated and the emission of pollutants by the exhaust gases. Mathematical equations made it possible to obtain the conversion efficiency of the generator set and also the analysis of economic viability. Based on the verification of the quality of the biogas in natura, a proportion of methane (CH4) and consequently its lower calorific value (PCI) of the biogas used in the test was obtained, with an average value of 6.15 kWh.m-3 for the group generator 1 and 6.17 kWh.m-3 for generator group 2, with respective efficiencies of 17.95% for 70 kWh power and 19.13% for 65 kWh power, with average methane percentages of 59.8 % for generator set 1 and 60.3% for generator set 2. The biogas used had only the removal of moisture by condensation, reaching low values of H2S (22-47 cm3.m-3), without apparent corrosion in the system , proving to be feasible in generating electricity. The economic evaluation through discounted Payback, showed that the investment is viable, paying in just over 8 months. The energy generated was fully exported to the grid, being used in schools and public units, generating an average monthly savings after the eighth month of operation of R$ 54,400.00 for the municipality.