Políticas públicas para a integração regional da faixa de fronteira de Mato Grosso do Sul: um estudo da Borda Fronteira Brasil/Paraguai

Abstract

This study analyzed how the National Policy for Regional Development (PNDR) and its Programs (Border Strip Development Program - PDFF and the Border Development and Integration Plan of the State of Mato Grosso do Sul - PDIF / MS) provided conditions for the integration and regional development of municipalities bordering Paraguay and are organized territorially as "Borda Fronteira Brazil/Paraguay". Because these municipalities have characteristics of underdeveloped economies and are understood by the PNDR and its Programs as priority municipalities to promote development, this research has influenced knowledge based on the perception of local actors, what practical actions have allowed municipalities to move from a vicious circle of poverty to a virtuous circle of development, taking into account the initial period of the NPRP in 2007 running through 2016 with the implementation of two specific Programs: the PDFF in 2009 and the PDIF / MS in 2012. In order to understand possible outcomes of state interventions in the form of public policies, as well as its programs and projects, the study was characterized by the type of evaluation research. Primary and secondary data were collected, primary data were collected through interviews with local actors of municipalities selected by non-probabilistic sampling and secondary data through documental research of governmental and institutional sites. The data were treated and analyzed through the Triangulation of Methods approach, whose main interpretations were: i) theoretical-conceptual approaches to public policy evaluation, development, integration and endogenous development; ii) the empirical data of the research; and iii) the economic and social situation of the municipalities. This triangulation enabled the recognition of perceptions of the realities and how these maintain or not correspondence in the theories that refer to the object of study. The results showed that the profile of economic and social development improved in the municipalities investigated in relation to the indicators of Health and Education, but worsened in the issue that the PNDR and its Programs consider essential for development: the generation of Employment Income through activation productive potential. The perception of the local actors showed the lack of dynamism in the generation of jobs in the productive sectors, especially the industrial sector, the low level of productive investments and little or no knowledge of the PNDR's activities and its programs. It was also found that the investigated municipalities of the “Borda Fronteira Brazil/Paraguay” did not move from a vicious circle of poverty to a virtuous circle of development, maintaining characteristics of economic and social underdevelopment that were pointed out from the beginning of the PNDR and its Software. In order to promote the development of the municipalities of the “Borda Fronteira Brazil/ Paraguay”, it is necessary for the PNDR and its programs to obtain financial and institutional resources that can activate the productive sectors, such as qualification of the local labor force. multisectoral approach, using it to use available knowledge and to disseminate new production techniques that stimulate the public and private sectors.