Análise das estruturas de governança de laticínios e produtores no Oeste do Paraná sob a ótica dos custos de transação e formas plurais

Abstract

The agroindustrial system of milk demonstrates its representativeness among agricultural activities developed in Brazil by having the fourth largest milk production in the world. Paraná is the second largest producer in the country, just like its western region, where research takes place. The objective of this study is to analyze the governance structures adopted in the transactions between dairy products and their milk suppliers in the western region of Paraná under the perspective of Transaction Costs and Plural Forms. For this, the research has a qualitative character and sought to deepen the knowledge in the governance structures adopted in the transaction. Empirical research with descriptive analysis was performed through interviews with 12 dairy products from the West of Paraná that have a Federal Inspection System (SIF). These dairy products account for 85% of the total amount of dairies with SIF in the region. It is observed in the results of this work that there is an informal contract marked by uncertainties regarding milk supply by milk suppliers, renegotiations of monthly contracts and variations in the price paid to the producer. These and other elements are identified and analyzed in the light of transactional attributes and behavioral assumptions, contributing to the understanding of ECT and plural forms. Regarding the governance structure prevailing in the Western region, the hybrid forms were evidenced and it was found that 66% of dairy products adopt plural forms to deal with milk suppliers, in which the most used governance structure is relational contracts and spot market that is a strategy adopted to mitigate the bottlenecks faced in the transaction.