Efeito do exercício físico resistido de subida em escada, sobre a regeneração nervosa periférica, em modelo experimental de ciatalgia

Abstract

The research is experimental, quantitative and random character, which aimed to analyze the effect of resistance exercise climb stairs, on the regeneration of the sciatic nerve of Wistar rats. The sample consisted of 24 animals were randomly separated into four groups: GC - control; GE - only exercised; GL - injured and untreated; and GLE - injured and treated. The compressive lesion of the right sciatic nerve was performed in anesthetized animals and was to conduct a nerve impingement in 30 seconds with hemostat. From the third day after surgery, the animals of GE and GLE were submitted to resistance exercise climb stairs, and made two sets of ten climbs the ladder with overhead 100 grams adapted to its tail, with an interval of one minute between one series and another 5 days a week for 3 weeks. In the course of this period, all animals were evaluated for the presence of edema and nociceptive threshold of the right hind limb. After treatment, the animals were anesthetized and euthanized to collect a fragment of two centimeters of the right sciatic nerve, which was subjected to routine histological processing, for morphological analysis and Western blotting technique for molecular analysis. Regarding edema evaluation results, there was only meant difference in comparing the evaluations (p <0.001), indicating reduced over time member of the volume, but there was no significant difference between groups. With regard to nociception results in the lesion site and planting region was observed difference between the ratings (p <0.001), and the nociceptive threshold increased over the study time, however between the groups, so there was difference between compared to GC and GE, GL and GLE, with the former had higher results. Regarding histological analysis, GC and G2 showed normal appearance around nerve tissue, as GL and GLE showed large amount of inflammatory infiltrate, degeneration and disruption of nerve fibers, but in GLE also met you merge nerve fibers. Regarding the morphometric analysis, no significant difference between the groups, as, fiber density, amount of axons and the quotient G; For the nerve fiber diameter and myelin sheath, GC and GE were significantly better results when compared to GL and GLE; and as the diameter of the axon GC obtained significantly higher results than the other groups. Finally, molecular analysis showed values higher brain-derived neurotrophic factor in injured groups. Therefore, it is concluded that the injury model in the present study was effective to cause significant changes in the sciatic nerve of the animal, but resisted exercise climb stairs, the proposed parameters was not significantly effective in reducing edema and pain of animals and could not accelerate morphological regeneration after sciatic nerve compression injury.