A teoria da emancipação humana no pensamento de Marx: da Gazeta Renana aos Anais Franco-Alemães

Abstract

The study The theory of human emancipation in Marx: Rheinische Zeitung to Deutsch-Franzöische Jahrbücher encompasses the period of Marxist thought from his doctoral thesis in 1841, his political contribution to Rheinische Zeitung and articles in Deutsch-Franzöische Jahrbücher in 1844. The aim is to understand the evolution of Marxist thought, identifying relationships between Marx s thought and Hegelian and neo-Hegelian thought. The Marxist understanding of human emancipation in its relation to the concepts of state, politics, philosophy and the world, and philosophy and the proletariat are of particular interest. During this period, Marx breaks away from a positive vision of politics the achievement of reason and humanity through politicization comparing this vision with the concept of human emancipation. He thus develops a negative vision of politicization, suggesting that politics loses the centrality it held throughout history in terms of its potential for achieving rationality and humanity. This presents the concept of human emancipation in that it overcomes and, to a certain extent, opposes the idea of political emancipation as a possibility of achieving humanity, the concept that is the aim of this research. In addition to this, the examination of these questions include a discussion into relationships between philosophy and the proletariat that Marx begins to develop during this period of criticism and the rupture with Hegelian and neo-Hegelian thought.