O movimento do conceito de valor em O Capital de Marx

Abstract

Our study aims to investigate the movement of the concept of value in Marx's Capital. Marx shows that the value is a socially constituted human labor socially equal. The value gains independence and autonomy within capitalist society as it remains alienated from their true producers. Meanwhile, the value subdues all the categories that were made by this society seeking for their unconditional and irrational self-worth. A thorough and dialectic analysis reveals the true source of the capitalist's profit. First from the investigation of how wealth appears to the mind of the agents of capitalist society in commodity form. Then Marx shows that the difficulty in understanding the merchandise lies in the fact that through the fetish role it has to hide abstract human labor contained in it. Then, the study clarifies that the real opposition that exists in merchandise is the opposition between use value and value, also demonstrating that the true wealth of content is the abstract labor. Marx advances the charming sphere of circulation of goods, demystifying it, and shows that the expansion of capitalist society as well as the expansion of value can not be explained from this sphere. The general law of commodity circulation determines that the losses and gains equip themselves among different private producers. The total and radical transgression of this general law would lead to the total destruction of the market. Although the movement of goods do not have the ability to fully explain the origin of the profits of the capitalist, it can do it partially. In the market entourage, private producers follow carefully the laws immanent movement: they buy commodities at their value and sell commodities at their value. However, the capitalist discovers a special commodity market that has the ability to generate more value than it costs you the same: the workforce. Marx shows that the capitalist's profit is in the misappropriation of the workforce of the worker by the capitalist. Within the capitalist society, the value migrates from category to category according to their needs, the goods to money, money to capital, always seeking to expand pushing the capitalist to a meaningless work. Finally, Marx investigates the real roots which are the conditions of possibility of the capitalist mode of production, and consequently the expansion of value. Our author will demonstrate that behind the idyllic speeches about this system is the excessive violence and brutality of the state and class struggle. The movement that catapulted capitalism was the same as the working class launched in limbo. The violent movement of the concept of value produces and reproduces every day the violence of class struggle. Every day the general wealth of mankind increases, but is suitable for a small class of capitalists. Meanwhile, the majority of mankind, formed by the class of workers, the legitimate producers of this wealth see their conditions of life and work thrown in the mud. For the logical and unconditional expansion value be braking is necessary that the actual producers of wealth to appropriate it, rationalizing it by reversing this picture of things. From the standpoint of Marx, though it may be an uphill struggle, the working class is the only class capable to face the wrath and desires that cry by the greed and capitalist private interests.