https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/6298 Tue, 16 Jun 2026 08:59:31 GMT 2026-06-16T08:59:31Z https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8309 Title: Desempenho de motor ciclo diesel utilizando biodiesel de óleos de culturas oleaginosas Autor: Zago, Emmanuelle Albara Primeiro orientador: Siqueira, Jair Antonio Cruz Abstract: This work compared the combustion efficiency and emissions of a generator powered by different types of fuels: S10 diesel, refined soybean oil biodiesel, refined sunflower oil biodiesel, refined canola oil biodiesel, and refined cottonseed oil biodiesel. Different biodiesel blends (B0, B10, B20, B30, B100) were tested to evaluate the performance and emissions of the different fuels. The production of biodiesels took place at the Technology and Sustainability Laboratory (LABTES) of UNIOESTE, Cascavel Campus, Paraná, while the characterization of the samples was carried out by the Poollab Laboratory, in Itajaí, Santa Catarina. The fuels were burned in a diesel cycle engine in tests lasting 10 minutes each, using a fixed rotation of 2000 RPM and burning at different loads, from 0 N.m to 3 N.m. The tests evaluated gas emissions and the efficiency of each biofuel at the different loads. The efficiency results indicate a higher fuel consumption as the amount of biodiesel in the blends increased, compared to the volume of mineral diesel. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Tese Fri, 12 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8309 2025-12-12T00:00:00Z https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8265 Title: Análise econômica e energética do aproveitamento do lodo de esgoto sanitário considerando o uso nos sistemas de geração de energia Autor: Zanini, Bárbara Primeiro orientador: Souza, Samuel Nelson Melegari de Abstract: Periodically, various types of waste are generated and disposed of in landfills. Among these, sewage sludge stands out, representing problems from both an environmental and financial standpoint for sanitation companies. In this context, the present study proposed an analysis of the economic and energy viability of utilizing sewage sludge, filling the gap in integrated studies between these analyses. Pellets were produced with different proportions of sludge and Pinus wood dust (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% w/w) using a Rotex Master pellet mill (1,500 kg·h⁻¹). The samples were characterized in terms of moisture, ash content, volatile matter, fixed carbon, calorific value, elemental composition (TXRF), thermal stability (TGA), and pyrolysis gas emission (EGA-FTIR). The results showed moisture contents between 1.89 and 6.76%, according to NBR ISO 18134-2:2015. Ash content increased proportionally to sludge content (0.85% to 29.96%), while the higher heating value (HHV) ranged from 14.447 to 19.006 MJ·kg⁻¹. Thermogravimetric analyses showed greater thermal stability for pellets with a higher proportion of sludge, with mass losses of 39% to 75% between 25 and 600°C. Formulations with up to 50% sludge showed energy performance compatible with ISO 18125:2017 (≥16.56 MJ·kg⁻¹). Thermogravimetric and spectroscopic analyses showed stable thermal behavior, predominant release of CO₂, CH₄, and oxygenated compounds, and absence of toxic gases at critical concentrations. For the Biomass Quality Index (BQI) calculations, pellets with sewage sludge in their composition presented an index outside the standard limit due to the large amount of ash, zinc, and copper in their composition. For the economic feasibility analysis, all types of pellets produced from sewage sludge show favorable returns on investment and economic indicators when compared to those made from wood dust, as the cost decreases as a greater amount of sludge is included in their composition, the Net Present Value (NPV) also increases, and the payback period decreases, indicating an increasing viability of the investment. The Levelized Cost of Pellets (LCOP) per ton of pellet (R$/ton) ranged from R$ 614.44/ton for pellets with 25% sludge (15% discount rate) to a minimum of R$ 296.31/ton for pellets with 50% sludge (5% discount rate). Pellets using pure wood showed an LCOP between R$ 882.99 and R$ 888.51/ton. Thus, the incorporation of up to 50% sewage sludge in biomass pellets proved viable, preserving adequate energy properties and being economically feasible despite the excessive amount of ash and some metals, since the inclusion of sludge in the production process reduces the cost of raw materials and eliminates the cost of disposal in landfills. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Tese Tue, 16 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8265 2025-12-16T00:00:00Z https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8252 Title: Adequação bioclimática: avaliação das condições de uma edificação para equinos e proposta de melhorias visando o bem-estar animal Autor: Vieira, Giovana Dombeck Primeiro orientador: Siqueira, Jair Antonio Cruz Abstract: This research aims to explore the bioclimatic architecture for rural equine buildings in a stud farm located in the region of Terra Roxa - PR. The proposal aims to evaluate the best interior design solution, considering the well-being and development of the equines. For satisfactory performance of the equine well-being, the conditions of thermal comfort, especially light comfort, will be taken into consideration. The study was developed using software such as Sketchup and Revit for interior modeling, and DiaLux for the lighting study. The data from the developed projects will be analyzed in the Energy Plus software to determine the energy efficiency of the equine facilities. The main results found allowed us to conclude that the thermal comfort parameters are inadequate for the comfort of the equines and the proposed architectural readjustment can significantly improve the thermal comfort conditions for the animals and reduce electricity consumption by up to 24%, with the proposed bioclimatic solutions. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Dissertação Wed, 30 Jul 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8252 2025-07-30T00:00:00Z https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8180 Title: Otimização de misturas ternárias de diesel, biodieseis de crambe e de óleo de fritura via metodologia de superfície de resposta Autor: Baioco, Raquel Primeiro orientador: Bariccatti, Reinaldo Aparecido Abstract: The present study aimed to produce and characterize blends of S10 diesel and biodiesels from crambe oil and waste cooking oil, using a ternary system and response surface methodology as the experimental design. The physicochemical properties of viscosity, density, and calorific value were analyzed, seeking the optimization of these variables to enable the application of the biofuels in internal combustion engines. The biodiesel was obtained through a transesterification reaction with methanol and potassium hydroxide as a catalyst. The choice of feedstocks was based on environmental and economic viability: waste cooking oil, as an easily accessible and low-cost residue, and crambe oil, as a non-edible crop with no competition with food production. For the procedure, seven blends were prepared with different proportions of crambe biodiesel, waste cooking oil biodiesel, and S10 diesel, according to the ternary system design. Characterization via infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis confirmed the formation of esters and the thermal stability of the biodiesels. The response surfaces were generated using Chemoface software to identify the optimal blend proportions. The results indicated that viscosity and density increase with higher biodiesel fractions in the mixtures, while the calorific value decreases. Among the experimentally obtained blends, the best alternatives to diesel fuel were: 50% diesel and 50% waste cooking oil biodiesel for viscosity, and 50% diesel and 50% crambe biodiesel for density and calorific value. The statistical model used showed a high degree of fit (R² > 0.97), validating the efficiency of the experimental design. It is concluded that the production and use of blends with crambe and waste cooking oil biodiesels are feasible. The applied methodology allowed the identification of suitable proportions for optimizing the desired properties, highlighting the potential of these sources as sustainable alternatives to fossil diesel. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Dissertação Mon, 28 Jul 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8180 2025-07-28T00:00:00Z