https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/608 Sat, 11 Apr 2026 21:44:44 GMT 2026-04-11T21:44:44Z https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8285 Title: As relações econômicas e ambientais entre Brasil e China no ano de 2020 Autor: Rangel, Kilma Souza Primeiro orientador: Gonçalves Junior, Carlos Alberto Abstract: This research aims to analyze the economic and environmental relations between Brazil and China in the year 2020, with special attention to virtual water trade, domestic value added (DVA) generation, and job creation. To achieve this, the input-output analysis methodology was used, based on data from the OECD and GLORIA. The study reveals that China is Brazil’s main trading partner, responsible for the largest share of jobs generated from Brazilian exports. In 2020, trade relations with China sustained approximately 4.5 million jobs in Brazil, predominantly in medium- and low-skilled occupations, reflecting the profile of national exports, which are centered on agricultural and mineral commodities. The interruption of exports to China would result in a significant reduction in national employment, especially in the agricultural and low value-added industrial sectors. Regarding domestic value added, the research shows that China is the partner whose absence would most negatively impact the Brazilian economy. The suspension of exports to the Chinese market would lead to a 4.26% drop in Brazil’s DVA, a percentage higher than that observed for other relevant partners such as the United States and the European Union. Although Brazilian exports to China are mostly composed of low value-added products, such as soybeans, beef, and iron ore, the high volume of these transactions gives China a central role in Brazil’s international trade. Additionally, the analysis reveals that despite the significant volume of exports, the economic efficiency of water use in trade with China is relatively low: for every million cubic meters of virtual water exported, Brazil generates only US$18.32 million in value added, a figure lower than that recorded in relations with the United States, the European Union, and Argentina. This result reinforces the need for public policies aimed at diversifying the export portfolio and encouraging value aggregation, in order to enhance the economic benefits of international trade. In summary, the research highlights that the trade relationship with China is strategic for Brazil not only because of the export volume, but mainly due to its direct impact on employment and domestic value added. The study concludes that maintaining and improving this partnership contributes to Brazil’s economic development, while recommending the adoption of strategies that promote greater efficiency and sustainability in bilateral relations. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Dissertação Tue, 18 Nov 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8285 2025-11-18T00:00:00Z https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8074 Title: Impactos econômicos do Programa Minha Casa, Minha Vida de 2009 a 2021 Autor: Welter, Amauri Primeiro orientador: Gonçalves Junior, Carlos Alberto Abstract: The Minha Casa, Minha Vida (MCMV) Program, one of Brazil’s main housing policies, is widely recognized for its role in socioeconomic development. However, its direct economic effects – especially at the state level – still require further investigation. This study analyzes the economic impacts of the MCMV, between 2009 and 2021, in Brazilian federative units, considering variables such as production, employment, income, and tax collection. To this end, the input-output analysis methodology is applied, focusing on state multipliers in 2010, 2015, and 2021. The results reveal significant variations between states in terms of the program’s impact, highlighting its relevance as a regional economic driver. In addition, it is found that there is no direct correlation between the amounts transferred by the program and the reduction of the housing deficit. This dissociation indicates that public resources although beneficial form an economic point of view, could be allocated more strategically to achieve social objectives more effectively. In this way, in addition to offering a quantitative diagnosis of the impacts of MCMV, the research, contributes to the discussion on the allocative efficiency of public policies in Brazil. The results also provide important support for improving the management of housing programs, as well as for future studies that seek to evaluate the economic effect of other public policies aimed at regional development. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Dissertação Thu, 31 Jul 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8074 2025-07-31T00:00:00Z https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/7948 Title: Pobreza no Brasil: proporção, intensidade e fatores determinantes nas Unidades da Federação entre 2012 e 2023 Autor: Nieto, Marcieli Ferreira da Fonseca Primeiro orientador: Lima, Jandir Ferrera de Abstract: The evolution of poverty in Brazil has been marked by periods of progress and setbacks, highlighting that its eradication remains a significant challenge for the country. In this context, this research aimed to analyze the dynamics of poverty in Brazil between 2012 and 2023, focusing on the Federative Units, using income as the criterion for defining and measuring poverty. An individual was considered poor if their per capita household income was below half (1/2) the minimum wage. To achieve this, the Foster, Greer, and Thorbecke (FGT) index was employed to estimate the incidence and intensity of poverty, along with an econometric panel data model to identify the determining factors of the phenomenon. Analyses were conducted based on microdata from the Continuous National Household Sample Survey (PNAD Contínua). The main results revealed a strong regional component of poverty in Brazil, being higher in the Federative Units of the North and Northeast regions. Maranhão stood out as the state with the highest poverty rate throughout the period, also presenting the lowest per capita household income in the country, more than 50% below the national average. In contrast, Santa Catarina maintained the lowest poverty indicators, recording the least income inequality among the Federative Units and a per capita household income above the national average during the entire analyzed period. Between 2012 and 2023, poverty indicators fluctuated significantly, with 2021 standing out as the most critical year, when all Federative Units simultaneously recorded an increase in poverty. However, these fluctuations did not occur homogeneously among the states, reflecting distinct regional socioeconomic dynamics. The estimated econometric model, with the proportion of poor individuals as the dependent variable, revealed that the years of schooling of the adult population, the urbanization rate, the proportion of white individuals, and the proportion of the employed population were statistically significant and negatively related to poverty, indicating that increases in these factors are associated with its reduction. Notably, there is a strong relationship between the proportion of the employed population and the reduction of poverty, reinforcing the significant impact of labor market integration on improving the population's living conditions. The findings confirmed the research hypothesis, demonstrating that differences in poverty levels among the Federative Units during the analyzed period were influenced by variations in educational attainment, labor market participation, and income inequality. These variables were decisive in shaping the magnitude of regional poverty fluctuations. The analysis showed that states with higher educational levels, greater labor market inclusion, lower income inequality, and higher or steadily increasing per capita household incomes exhibited lower poverty rates and more significant progress in poverty reduction. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Dissertação Thu, 15 May 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/7948 2025-05-15T00:00:00Z https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/7794 Title: Saneamento básico no Paraná: análise da eficiência das unidades da Sanepar nos anos de 2007 e 2022 Autor: Stulp, Jéssica Régia Portilho Rezende Primeiro orientador: Rocha Jr., Weimar Freire da Abstract: Water is a finite natural resource and a public good essential for life and for health. The water supply chain and sewage treatment are components of basic sanitation, which aim is to assure inhabitants the access to potable water as well as to the adequate collection and treatment of waste, in order to preserve the environment. The advent of the National Basic Sanitation Law unleashed necessary changes in services of water supply and sewage treatment. This paper analyses the efficiency of the services provided by the Paraná Sanitation Company (Sanepar) in the years 2007 and 2022. The used databases were the National Basic Sanitation Information System (SNIS), the Paraná Sanitation Company (Sanepar) and the census conducted by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) during the observed years, applying the technique of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and the Malmquist index. The study details the results referring to the outputs of the built model and the advances in efficiency along the compared years, making the services beyond universal, more efficient. It was observed that in the period there was a decrease in productivity and a change in technological efficiency. Even though, an increase in the average efficiency between the analyzed periods was noted. The decrease in productivity shows that the combination of inputs and outputs resulted in a lower relative production. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Dissertação Sun, 20 Apr 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/7794 2025-04-20T00:00:00Z