https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/598 Tue, 16 Jun 2026 17:10:27 GMT 2026-06-16T17:10:27Z https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8401 Title: Dispositivo de detecção de incêndios incipientes em secadores de grãos através de técnicas de Redes Neurais Artificiais (RNA) Autor: Zarpellon, Luis Eduardo Primeiro orientador: Morejon, Camilo Freddy Mendoza Abstract: In recent decades, Brazil has consolidated as one of the largest grain producers in the world. To ensure product quality during storage and processing, grains undergo a drying process using grain dryers. This high-temperature step presents a significant fire risk. Due to their unique propagation characteristics, fires in grain dryers cause product waste and financial losses, posing a technological bottleneck. This study aimed to develop a fire detection system for grain dryers using Artificial Neural Networks (ANN). The methodology included: 1) Characterization of the study element; 2) Analysis of material behavior in the drying process regarding fire causes; 3) Exploration of conventional fire detection methods in grain dryers; 4) Development of an innovative fire detection device for grain dryers; 5) Laboratory-scale operationalization and testing of the device; 6) Industrial-scale operationalization and testing of the device; 7) Evaluation of intellectual protection requirements; 8) Systematization of results. The research resulted in the creation of a fire detection device for grain dryers that can identify early-stage fire situations by monitoring independent variables such as drying air temperature, atmospheric temperature and humidity, grain temperature, moisture and volume of grain mass, and drying speed. The device utilized a feedforward ANN model, MLP 5-16-10-1, with Tanh, ReLU, and Linear activation functions between layers, respectively. Simulations with the proposed model demonstrated the ANN's ability to predict normal operation conditions, identify fire risks, and detect early stage fires. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Tese Thu, 11 Jul 2024 00:00:00 GMT https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8401 2024-07-11T00:00:00Z https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8398 Title: Avaliação da cinética, equilíbrio e termodinâmica na dessulfurização adsortiva do dibenzotiofeno utilizando o carvão ativado da casca do coco de dendê Autor: Barros, Ruth Ribeiro Naves Primeiro orientador: Modenes , Aparecido Nivaldo Abstract: The Petroleum-derived fuels are widely used worldwide and contain contaminants such as sulfur compounds (SO2, H2S, SO4 2-, H2SO4, S2-, SO3 2-) that can harm human health and the environment. Environmental legislation has helped establish standards and guidelines for reducing sulfur emissions, opening the way for the study of alternative methods for the removal of these compounds. The objective of this work was to evaluate the adsorptive desulfurization of thiophenic compounds and the efficiency of activated carbon from dendê coconut shell (CACD) with aluminum impregnation using the incipient method and oxidative treatment. Adsorption experiments (kinetics and equilibrium) with the removal of dibenzothiophene (DBT) as a single-component system, were conducted in a closed and batch system. The adsorption experiments (kinetics and equilibrium), for removal of the compound dibenzothiophene (DBT) in a single-component system, were carried out in a closed and batch system. To describe the adsorption equilibrium, isotherm models such as BET, SIPS, Freundlich, Langmuir, Tóth, and Radke-Praunitz models were used, with the SIPS model showing the best fit for the phenomenological parameters. In the equilibrium isotherm, the SIPS model had a maximum adsorption capacity (qmax) at a temperature of 30 °C of 0.6626 mmol g-1, showing a significant interference in thermodynamic models; the higher the temperature, the lower the affinity of the adsorbent to the adsorbate, and the lower the adsorption. For the kinetic data, the SIPS HSDM model was used, demonstrating that all limiting steps were completed, with the adsorption molecule having difficulty in inserting into the adsorbent, as it has micropores. The results of kinetics, equilibrium isotherms, and thermodynamics show that activated carbon from dendê coconut shell (CACD) proved to be efficient in the adsorptive desulfurization of dibenzothiophene (DBT). Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Dissertação Tue, 29 Aug 2023 00:00:00 GMT https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8398 2023-08-29T00:00:00Z https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8397 Title: Utilização do permeado de soro de leite na produção de celulases por fermentação em estado sólido do bagaço de cana Autor: Boico, Debora Guerino Primeiro orientador: Hasan, Salah Din Mahmud Abstract: The great market potential and the important role that cellulases impact on bioenergy and organic products industries cause a great motivation in the development of improved cellulolytic enzymes diming to the hydrolysis of cellulose of plant cell walls. These cellulases must have some necessary characteristics for application in biorefineries as high catalytic efficiency of insoluble cellulosic substrates. The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of using whey permeate, in the culture medium composition for the enzymatic complex production of cellulases, such as FPases, CMCases, xylanase and β-glucosidase by solid state fermentation of bagasse sugarcane using the fungus Aspergillus niger. It was evalusted the optimize the production process of cellulolytic enzymes by SSF, evaluating the influence of pH and concentration of whey permeate the culture medium. Studies were also performed on the enzymatic hydrolysis of sugarcane bagasse by an experimental design. Regarding the enzymatic production it showed good results for FPase enzymes, CMCase and β-glucosidase. For FPase there was a production of 37,0 U.gms-1. For the xylanase there was a production of 2,6 U.gms-1.For CMCase there was a production of 39,0 U.gms-1. For β-glucosidase there was a production of 18.0 U.gms-1 in 48 h of fermentation. In time the production kinetics, it used the optimal conditions of fermentation solid-state 60 g.L-1 PSL and pH 5.0 for FPase enzymes, CMCase and β-glucosidase. This study indicated that the fungus Aspergillus niger showed considerable amount of enzymes cellulolytic complex except the xylanase enzyme, stimulating the continuity of study for other enzymes to alter the nutritional conditions of cultivation to increase production of cellulases. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Dissertação Thu, 25 Aug 2016 00:00:00 GMT https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8397 2016-08-25T00:00:00Z https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8294 Title: Obtenção, caracterização e aplicação de material a base de zinco via síntese verde utilizando extratos de Pfaffia glomerata Autor: Panatto, Melissa Longen Primeiro orientador: Santana, Veronice Slusarski Abstract: In the green synthesis of zinc-based materials, extracts from different plant types or from distinct parts of the same plant—such as leaves, flowers, fruits, stems, and roots—can be used, obtained through conventional and non-conventional extraction methods. These materials have a wide range of applications, including wound dressings, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, nanofibers, and polymeric membranes, due to their antimicrobial and antioxidant activities, absence of toxic solvents, and reduced processing time. The aim of this study was to synthesize and characterize a zinc-based material using aqueous extract from the aerial parts of Pfaffia glomerata and to apply this material in the functionalization of polymeric nanofibers (PVA), evaluating their antimicrobial and antitumoral activities. For extract preparation, solid samples (leaves, flowers, and stem) were mixed with water (1:20 m/v) and subjected to ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) for 5 min, and to conventional extraction (CE) for 60 min, at 40°C and 60°C. The synthesis of the zinc-based material was carried out using a 2:1 (v/v) ratio of extract to zinc nitrate (0.3 mol/L) at 70°C for 3 h, followed by drying at 70°C for 24 h and calcination at 500°C for 4 h. The leaf extracts from batches 1 and 2 (F1 and F2) obtained via UAE at 40°C presented the highest phenolic compound content (F1 = 594.514 µgGAE/mL_extract; F2 = 552.546 µgGAE/mL_extract) and the highest antioxidant activity (F1 = 0.798 µmolTrolox/mL_extract; F2 = 0.982 µmolTrolox/mL_extract) compared to the other extracts. The synthesis yield was higher for the leaf extracts (F1 = 0.607–1.168 mg_material/mL_nitrate; F2 = 0.481–0.889 mg_material/mL_nitrate) compared to flowers and stems. The material obtained under the best condition (U40AF1-SZ-E1) was identified as hydrated zinc nitrate hydroxide with a monoclinic structure. After calcination (U40AF1-C-E1), the XRD pattern showed sharper diffraction peaks, confirming a crystalline hexagonal ZnO phase (71%). The morphology of U40AF-C-E1 revealed irregular spherical agglomerates, with an average size of 0.82 ± 0.33 µm (3.68k×) and 0.92 ± 0.32 µm (4.38k×). The antimicrobial activity of U40AF1-SZ-E1 and U40AF1-C-E1 against E. coli and S. aureus was greater for the calcined material. The micro/nanoparticles were then incorporated into PVA nanofibers via electrospinning, resulting in three nanofiber types: pure PVA (N-BR), PVA functionalized with chemically synthesized ZnO (N-SQ), previously prepared by Costa (2018), and PVA functionalized with U40AF-C-E1 (N-SV). Compared to N-BR and N-SQ, N-SV exhibited greater ductility and flexibility, continuous nanofibers (0.18 ± 0.05 µm) with visible nanoparticles, improved antimicrobial performance against E. coli and S. aureus, good biocompatibility in NIH3T3 cells, and cytotoxic effects against HepG2 cells, indicating antitumoral potential. These findings highlight the potential of Pfaffia glomerata leaf extracts as reducing agents in the green synthesis of zinc-based materials, enabling their integration into functionalized polymeric nanofibers, which demonstrated bacteriostatic activity against pathogens and cytotoxic effects in tumor cells. Therefore, the main contribution of this study was to demonstrate the feasibility of producing micro/nanoparticles and functionalized nanofibers with biological properties and biomedical potential using non-conventional extraction techniques and without toxic solvents, through the use of Pfaffia glomerata leaf extract. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Dissertação Tue, 02 Sep 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8294 2025-09-02T00:00:00Z