https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/595 Wed, 04 Feb 2026 01:06:14 GMT 2026-02-04T01:06:14Z https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/7522 Title: Estudo dos parâmetros cinéticos da pirólise do sabugo de milho, palha de soja e caroço de açaí Autor: Menoncin, Thiago Henrique Primeiro orientador: Silva, Edson Antonio da Abstract: Environmental concerns related to the use of fossil fuels have driven countries to seek renewable energy alternatives to sustainably meet energy demands. In this context, waste from agricultural and industrial sectors, which typically have no economic value, can be transformed into significant energy sources. One way to utilize this waste is through pyrolysis, a process that thermochemically converts materials. This conversion results in gases, liquids, and/or solids that can be used as energy sources or as raw materials for agriculture. To increase the efficiency of pyrolysis reactors, it is necessary to understand the physicochemical characteristics, thermal behavior, and kinetic parameters of the reactions involved. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the kinetic parameters (activation energy, pre-exponential factor, and reaction model) of the pyrolysis process of açaí seed, corn cob, and soybean straw, as well as to analyze the physicochemical and thermal properties of these biomasses. The physicochemical characterization was performed through proximate analysis, elemental analysis, calorific value calculation, and analysis of individual components. Thermogravimetry was conducted in an inert nitrogen atmosphere, with temperatures ranging from 30°C to 900 °C, using four heating rates: 5, 10, 15, and 20 °C.min-1 for the different biomasses. The determination of kinetic parameters was performed using non-isothermal isoconversional methods: Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO), Friedman, modified Coats-Redfern (CRM), and Kissinger. In thermal analysis, the pyrolysis of the biomasses occurred rapidly. The main mass loss of açaí seed occurred between 240 and 484 °C, corn cob between 260 and 437 °C, and soybean straw between 231 and 473 °C. The results obtained for the average activation energy (Ea) of the pyrolysis of açaí seed, corn cob, and soybean straw were, respectively, for the FWO model: 216.76, 173.68, and 215 kJ.mol-1; for the Friedman model: 229.74, 179.65, and 227.27 kJ.mol-1; for the CRM model: 218.05, 172.77, and 216.15 kJ.mol-1; and for the Kissinger model: 173.42, 161.29, and 161.16 kJ.mol-1. In mathematical simulations, the FWO method provided the best overall fit for the three biomasses. The results demonstrate how the decomposition behavior and its kinetic parameters are influenced by the biomass type and the heating rate of the process. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Dissertação Fri, 21 Jun 2024 00:00:00 GMT https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/7522 2024-06-21T00:00:00Z https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/6611 Title: Avaliação da produção grãos e dos teores de óleo e de lipase na variedade de amendoim BRS 151 L7 cultivadas sob diferentes adubações Autor: Pereira, Debora Primeiro orientador: Silva, Edson Antonio da Abstract: Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is native to South America, it is among the main oilseeds cultivated in the world, its grains contain high levels of oil, proteins and vitamins. In Brazil, from the 70’s onwards, there was a decline in production with the advanced of the cultures, concentrating almost all production only in the state of São Paulo and almost disappearing in Paraná. This culture has versatility of use and in used in various sectors of the industry: Food, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics and also as a raw material in the biofuels sector, due to these, its cultivation has regained strength, but there is little information about the effect of the crop management on grain yield, chemical composition and lipase production levels. The experiment was carried out in November/ April 2020/2021 on a rural property in the west of Paraná, using a randomized block design (DBC) in factorial scheme consisting of three types of fertilization with different doses of: Nitrogen (N) at doses 0, 60 and 120 kg/ha; Phosphorus (P) at doses 0, 51 and 120 kg/ha and Solubilizer (S) at doses 0 and 150 ml/ha. The following response variables were evaluated in the field production: Plant height (HP); Number of branches (NB); Number of pods (NP); Productive (PROD). The second part of the experiment was carried out at the UNIOESTE- Campus of Toledo laboratory, evaluating the quality of the grains produced through the chemical analysis of the seeds, whose variables ere: Humidity (HUM); Ash (ASH); Lipid (LIP); Carbohydrates (CARB); Protein (PROT) and Lipase (LIPASE). The results were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA), using the DBC statistical model in a triple factorial scheme. ANOVA detected signification for: PROD considering the effects of P, N x P, P x S; LIP for the effects of P and P x S; PROT for the effects of N, S, N x P, P x S and N x P x S; LIPASE for the of N, P, S, N x S and P x S. In this context, PROD and LIP were positively influenced by the use of P doses, while the PROT variable was positively affected by the use of N, and the LIPASE variable was positively influenced by N and S. Based on the genotype studied, fertilization influenced productivity and on the quality of peanut grains. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Dissertação Mon, 05 Dec 2022 00:00:00 GMT https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/6611 2022-12-05T00:00:00Z https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/6441 Title: Otimização da extração assistida por ultrassom de compostos antioxidantes da erva mate (Illex paraguariensis St. Hill) para uso na estabilização oxidativa do biodiesel Autor: Peters, Alini Rafaela Neitzke Primeiro orientador: Hasan, Salah Din Mahmud Abstract: Seeking to obtain less environmental impact, the use of biodiesel has become a way to replace diesel. Biodiesel is a renewable fuel and can be manufactured from different raw materials, one of which is soybean oil. This fuel suffers from the oxidation process due to the presence of fatty acids in its composition, and in order to minimize this oxidation process, antioxidants are used. Synthetic antioxidants are usually used, which are expensive and have harmful characteristics for the environment. Thus, the use of natural antioxidants becomes a viable way to replace synthetic ones. In this work, we sought to evaluate the oxidative stability of biodiesel B100 using the extract obtained from yerba mate as an antioxidant. For the extraction of yerba mate antioxidants, maceration, Soxhlet and ultrasound methods were tested. In the ultrasound-assisted extraction method, it was sought to optimize the process by varying the parameters potency (%), temperature (°C) and solvent/herb ratio (mL.g-1). The total flavonoid and phenolic contents of the samples, as well as their antioxidant capacity, were determined using the 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and the iron-reducing antioxidant (FRAP) methods. The values at the optimal point of ultrasound-assisted extraction were: Rend=19.93%, flavonoids=70.12 mg EQ·gextrate-1, phenolics=92.69 mg EAG·gextrate-1, FRAP=1915.8 μmol EFe2+·gextrate-1 and DPPH=495.82 μmol ETrolox·gextrate-1, as well as the operating conditions that lead to the optimal response: T= 52.75ºC, P= 77% and RSE= 11.25 mL.g-1. The global desirability function achieved in the optimization was 0.8928. Biodiesel produced in the laboratory from commercial soybean oil was characterized and subsequently tested for its oxidative stability using the accelerated oxidation method at 110°C in Rancimat equipment. Biodiesel did not meet the minimum limit established by the National Petroleum Agency (ANP), which requires 12 hours of induction. The tested extract did not show satisfactory results in the replacement of synthetic antioxidants. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Dissertação Mon, 05 Sep 2022 00:00:00 GMT https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/6441 2022-09-05T00:00:00Z https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/6038 Title: Uso de biomassa de bambu para a queima em fornos cerâmicos Autor: Strassburger, Alex Primeiro orientador: Baumgartner, Tatiana Rodrigues da Silva Abstract: A biomass, still little explored, is bamboo, and in the search for an alternative for burning ceramic products, this work was developed bringing knowledge of this biomass. This work aimed to study, test and compare the data related to the use of bamboo chip and eucalyptus chip in the firing in kilns for the production of ceramic pieces. The potential of bamboo was analyzed through applicability studies, the differences between biomasses were compared and the advantages and disadvantages of direct application in the production system were raised. The bamboo chip was tested through practical tests applied directly in the industry and compared with the eucalyptus chip that is currently used. With the accomplishment of this work, it was observed a new source of alternative raw material with efficiency and performance similar to the one currently used and even able to have advantages for the production or the optimization of the production chain in the burning of the ceramic material with this required raw material. It can also be defined that the use of bamboo chips did not significantly alter the handling and use process, as well as any process or product in the industry. It was then observed that the use of bamboo chips to replace eucalyptus chips can provide independence from the use of a single source of burning material. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Dissertação Fri, 14 Jan 2022 00:00:00 GMT https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/6038 2022-01-14T00:00:00Z