https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/590 Mon, 03 Aug 2026 11:46:28 GMT 2026-08-03T11:46:28Z https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8578 Title: A moralidade política do governo administrativo: uma leitura a partir da filosofia da integridade de Ronald Dworkin Autor: Britto, Cristhian Denardi de Primeiro orientador: Costa, Marta Rios Alves Nunes da Abstract: This thesis investigates the moral foundations of the exercise of governmental authority. The research problem asks which ultimate principles of political morality should guide governmental action so as to satisfy the requirements of legitimacy and justice articulated by Ronald Dworkin. The general objective is to identify principles of political morality capable of functioning as truth conditions for the public actions of governments — and, to some extent, of legislatures — taking as its framework the theory of law as integrity. More specifically, it seeks to: (i) highlight the role of morality, alongside law, as an ordering instance of political action; (ii) reconstruct the foundations of Dworkin’s thought concerning the presence of moral judgments in everyday life, in politics, and in law; and (iii) ultimately extract from this conception principles of political morality that may serve as a basis for understanding and evaluating the public actions of administrative governments. The research is justified, on the theoretical level, by the relative scarcity of studies that examine the philosophical foundations of public action from the standpoint of an integrated theory of law, politics, and knowledge; and, on the practical level, by its potential to provide analytical tools for assessing modes of governance. The conclusion is that public action should be grounded both in substantive values linked to equality and liberty — which, under a liberal egalitarian interpretation, may be expressed through the principles of fair social cooperation and existential authorship — and in attitudinal requirements that guide governmental deliberation and decision-making, which may be expressed through the principles of moral objectivity and political responsibility. The research is bibliographic and documentary in nature; its objective is exploratory, and its methodological approach is hypothetico-deductive. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Tese Thu, 14 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8578 2026-05-14T00:00:00Z https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8488 Title: Linguagem e mente na filosofia da psicologia de Wittgenstein Autor: Grumicker, Fernando Alves Primeiro orientador: Bassani, Douglas Antonio Abstract: The present research is delimited to Wittgenstein's questioning of the problem of the expression of psychological concepts correlated to the mental and the role of a philosophy of psychology in the inquiry into first-person experience. Problems of language concerning the expression of the mental arise insofar as we engage with first-person experience. Expressions of sensations are notably understood as the externalization, through language, of a private mental event. Adopting this thematic framework, the research centers on the following works by Wittgenstein: Philosophical Investigations, Remarks on the Philosophy of Psychology, and Last Writings on the Philosophy of Psychology, works in which Wittgenstein addresses first-person experience, expressions of sensations, and the epistemic presuppositions that suggest the mental as a private domain in first-person expressions. The problem may be articulated through the following question: how could first-person language provide a panorama for the objective investigation of the meaning of the mental? The aim of the present research concerns both the problem of the objectivity of first-person expressions and the methodological problem for the investigation of propositions and expressions that suggest the mental. To this end, the research seeks to: 1) provide descriptions of the aspects of the mental through the analysis of language in accordance with Wittgenstein's approach; 2) expound the methodological framework concerning first-person expressions; 3) investigate whether, within certain limits, an objectivity of first-person expressions is possible. It is argued that, by rejecting the character of epistemic authority, the application of Wittgenstein's methodological aspects may provide a panorama for the understanding of psychological concepts relative to the mental through language. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Dissertação Thu, 07 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8488 2026-05-07T00:00:00Z https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8447 Title: Sartre e o paradoxo da morte vivida Autor: Gonçalves, Thiago Sitoni Primeiro orientador: Silva, Claudinei Aparecido de Freitas da Abstract: This ongoing dissertation aims to sustain, within the scope of Sartrean philosophy, the paradox of lived death as a phenomenon that traverses human existence from the very announcement of my death. Our hypothesis consists in examining how we may describe this sui generis event. To that end, we outline our methodological approach in order to understand the itinerary of a prereflective consciousness that is, in Sartrean terms, always oriented by freedom-in-situation. Lived death corresponds to a limit. It is experienced by human reality in the face of itself and is mediated by alterity, which interrogates it through an unreflective conduct in the world, thereby collapsing its imaginary world. To substantiate this hypothesis, we situate the Sartrean dialogue with phenomenology and the prereflective cogito as its point of departure.In the first chapter, we aim to interrogate the phenomenon of death in relation to emotion and imagination, within the spectrum of a magical and embodied dimension of the consciousness–world bond. In a second moment, we examine human conduct through the guiding thread of freedom and, from there, tension intersubjectivity, bad faith, and anguish in Being and Nothingness in order to position the enigma of death within its ontological and ethical incursions. Since our methodological path involves a dual investigation between psychology and literature, we seek to clarify this relation of paradigms in the third chapter. There, we address the existentially grounded psychoanalytic approach and the notion of engaged literature as discussed in What Is Literature?. Across this dual trajectory of analysis concerning human reality, we begin from a “communicating neighborhood” between philosophy and literature and then transition toward psychology and literature, in order to focus on the psychophysical experience of Sartrean characters as a way of understanding the phenomenon of lived death. In the fourth chapter, we describe how the theme of death presents itself to the philosopher within the phenomenological tradition through his critical reading of the Heideggerian existential of being-toward-death. In this section of the dissertation, we mark Sartre’s distinctive stance through the notion of an absurd death—an idea that enables the thesis of the paradoxical existence of a lived death. The relevance of such a thesis lies in fulfilling Sartre’s project of bringing human reality to the forefront through its failure to be God and its impossibility of being a self-caused being. In the fifth and final chapter, we situate the motivation for our choice of The Wall and the notions of being-in-the-world-at-war and “passage” for understanding the characters. Our attention is directed specifically to the drama of Pablo Ibbieta, Tom Steinbock, and Juan Mirbal on the eve of their execution. Through the passage of literature to philosophy, the paradox of lived death emerges from the absurdity of waiting, in which the characters attempt to thematize their own end and find no support other than the radical and fragile contingency of freedom. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Tese Wed, 18 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8447 2026-03-18T00:00:00Z https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8446 Title: A consciência como elemento fundamental da moralidade em Jean-Jacques Rousseau Autor: Santos, Whesley Fagliari dos Primeiro orientador: Antunes , Jadir Abstract: La corruption de l'homme au sein de la société est assurément l'un des grands problèmes que l'on retrouve dans l'œuvre du philosophe genevois Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712-1778). Dès lors, la question qui guide cette étude est la suivante : est-il possible, selon la pensée de Rousseau, de surmonter les problèmes moraux afin de parvenir à une société dont la composition sociale ne se corrompt pas ? Oui, c'est possible. Par l'éducation. La conscience joue un rôle essentiel dans la structuration et le fondement de la morale. Rousseau illustre ce processus à travers le personnage d'Émile, présenté dans son ouvrage *Émile ou l'Éducation* (1762). Il est donc essentiel d'étudier la théorie de la conscience dans l'œuvre de Rousseau, car le problème que nous présentons dans cette thèse est le suivant : pour que le système éducatif qu'il propose soit viable, la conscience doit servir de base à une redéfinition de la morale et permettre d'éviter la corruption humaine au sein de l'État civil. À cette fin, il est nécessaire d'examiner la définition, l'importance et les implications de la perfectibilité et de la liberté naturelle dans la conception rousseauiste de l'homme dans son état originel et du citoyen dans l'État civil ; de comprendre ainsi comment la volonté particulière et l'amour-propre interagissent avec la volonté générale issue du contrat social ; d'explorer comment la conscience se rapporte à la raison et comment les deux sont liées au système éducatif rousseauiste – d'abord par la pédagogie négative, puis par l'examen de la pédagogie positive ; d'établir les conditions permettant à la conscience de constituer le fondement de la morale et des actions politiques. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Tese Tue, 14 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8446 2026-04-14T00:00:00Z