TEDE Collection:

Blend de proteases na alimentação de leitões em fase de creche

Fri, 01 Aug 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Blend de proteases na alimentação de leitões em fase de creche Autor: Tillmann, Aline Carolina Primeiro orientador: Carvalho, Paulo Levi de Oliveira Abstract: The objective of the study was to evaluate the effects of including a blend of proteases in the diet of piglets during the nursery phase on zootechnical performance parameters, incidence of diarrhea, apparent digestibility of nutrients and energy, hematological and biochemical blood profile, intestinal morphometry, pH and weight of gastrointestinal tract organs, and cecal microbiology. Ninety-six male piglets with high genetic potential were used, weaned at 28 days of age, with an initial body weight of 7.82 ± 0.55 kg. The experiment lasted 35 days, until the animals reached an average body weight of 23.18 ± 3.07 kg. The animals were distributed in a completely randomized design (CRD) with four treatments: PC – Positive control; NC – Negative control, with a 5% reduction in crude protein requirements and 2% reduction in amino acid profile and no protease addition; NC100 – Negative control + 100 g of protease/ton of feed and NC150 – Negative control + 150 g of protease/ton, with eight replicates per treatment, totaling 32 experimental units with three animals each. The protease tested consisted of a blend of fungal and bacterial protease, formulated from Aspergillus niger, Bacillus subtilis, and Bacillus licheniformis. The results showed that animals receiving the NC100 treatment had higher daily weight gain (P = 0.046) when compared to animals consuming NC. Piglets receiving the NC150 treatment had a lower incidence of diarrhea (P = 0.020) when compared to the others. There was a difference in the variables of apparent dry matter digestibility (P = 0.0013) and organic matter digestibility (P = 0.0045), in which animals in the PC treatment had better nutrient digestibility when compared to those in the NC treatment, while animals that consumed the NC100 diet had higher digestible protein (DP) (P <.0001) than the PC and NC treatments. Animals in the NC100 treatment also showed better energy efficiency (P <.0001). Animals in the NC treatment had higher plasma alanine aminotransferase concentrations (P = 0.036). Animals in the NC100 treatment had lower concentrations of glucose (P = 0.033) and triglycerides (P = 0.031) in the bloodstream, while animals in the NC treatment had higher total protein content (P = 0.006) in the blood. The use of protease reduced the incidence of diarrhea, in addition to improving the apparent digestibility of nutrients and blood parameters, and under the experimental conditions, it may be a viable alternative for reducing crude protein in diets without compromising performance. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Dissertação

Óleos essencias e ácidos orgânicos na alimentação de leitões na fase de creche

Fri, 08 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Óleos essencias e ácidos orgânicos na alimentação de leitões na fase de creche Autor: Lopes Filho, Antonio Tristão Primeiro orientador: Carvalho, Paulo Levi de Oliveira Abstract: The study was conducted to investigate the potential of essential oil (EO) and organic acid (OA) blends on the zootechnical performance and intestinal health of piglets in the nursery phase as an alternative to antibiotics. Ninety-six entire male piglets, hybrids of a commercial lineage, with an average initial body weight of 7.56 ± 0.47 kg, weaned at 27 days of age, were distributed in a randomized block experimental design consisting of four treatments, eight replicates, and three piglets per experimental unit. The treatments consisted of a control diet (CN); a positive control (CP) (CN + 200 mg halquinol/kg diet); additive I, composed of a blend of essential oils (thymol, cinnamaldehyde, carvacrol, and eugenol, 2% to 4%) and organic acids (fumaric acid 20%, lauric acid 10%, malic acid 10%, and citric acid 10%); and additive II, similar to additive I, with lauric acid replaced by phosphoric acid. Additive I (BLEND 1) and additive II (BLEND 2) were included at 200 mg/kg diet. The basal diets were divided into three experimental phases (pre-starter I, pre-starter II, and starter). Zootechnical performance variables were evaluated throughout the experimental period. At the end of the pre-starter II and starter phases, blood samples were collected from two animals per experimental unit to assess biochemical and hematological profiles, and, in the starter phase, antioxidant parameters, immunoglobulin G, and intestinal permeability. At the end of the experiment, six animals per treatment were slaughtered to evaluate organ weight and length, intestinal pH, cecal microbiology, microbiological translocation, and intestinal morphometry. In the pre-starter I + II, starter, and total phases, pigs fed the CN diet showed better feed conversion (FC) compared with pigs receiving BLEND 2 (P<0.05). The inclusion of essential oils and organic acids increased superoxide dismutase activity (P=0.001) and colonic pH (P<0.05). The other evaluated parameters were not affected by the treatments (P>0.05). In conclusion, the addition of the EO and OA blend to nursery piglet diets positively influenced antioxidant status without impairing diarrhea occurrence, blood biochemical and hematological profiles, intestinal morphometry, morphology, and microbiology, as well as relative organ weight, length, and content pH, with BLEND 1 representing a viable alternative to antibiotics without compromising zootechnical performance. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Dissertação

Grãos secos de destilaria de alta proteína e enzimas exógenas na alimentação de frangos de corte

Thu, 13 Mar 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Grãos secos de destilaria de alta proteína e enzimas exógenas na alimentação de frangos de corte Autor: Kohler, Tânia Luiza Primeiro orientador: Eyng, Cinthia Abstract: High-protein distillers dried grains (HP-DDG) are obtained from ethanol production from corn and have favorable nutritional characteristics for use in animal feed. However, this coproduct has a considerable amount of non-starch polysaccharides, which makes the use of exogenous enzymes relevant. In this way, this study evaluated HP-DDG levels and the association of exogenous enzymes (amylase and protease) in diets for broiler chickens and the influence on performance and gut health. A total of 880 male broilers, one day old, were randomly allocated to five treatments, including a reference diet based on corn and soybean meal and diets with HP-DDG (5% and 7.5%), with or without the inclusion of amylase and protease considering nutrient matrix values, with eight replicates and 22 birds/each. At 10, 21, 35, and 42 d, weight gain (WG), average feed intake (AFI), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were determined. At 21 d, one bird/replication was selected to evaluate intestinal permeability by gavage with fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran (FITC-d). A fragment of the jejunum of this bird was collected to determine histopathological changes using the I See Inside® method. Concurrently, ileal content from four birds per replicate was collected to determine the digestibility coefficients of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), and energy, as well as digestible nutrients and digestible energy value. At 42 d, 2 birds per replicate were euthanized to determine carcass and cut yields and abdominal fat percentage. Additionally, at the end of the experimental period, the economic viability was analyzed. The data were submitted to analysis of variance, and the means were compared by Tukey's test at 5% probability. Throughout the 42-d rearing period, bird performance was similar between treatments. Intestinal permeability and histology were not affected (P>0.05) by the inclusion of HP-DDG, nor by the inclusion or exclusion of amylase and protease. In general, the birds presented similar values for digestibility coefficients and digestible nutrients and energy. Carcass and cut yields (breast, legs, wing, and tenderloin), as well as the percentage of abdominal fat, did not differ (P>0.05) between treatments. Regarding economic viability, there was a reduction in feed cost per ton of chicken produced of 2.15% and 1.77% in the treatments with the inclusion of 5% and 7.5% HP-DDG and amylase and protease enzymes compared to the reference diet. The inclusion of up to 7.5% HP-DDG in broiler diets can be employed without compromising the performance and gut health of the birds. Combining the inclusion of the coproduct with exogenous enzymes (amylase and protease) with nutritional matrix enhancement, there is a reduction in feed cost while maintaining the performance and gut health parameters of the animals. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Dissertação

Qualidade da parte aérea da mandioca in natura e fenada das cultivares boi-tatá e paraguaia produzidas no inverno na região Sul do Brasil

Mon, 15 Sep 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Qualidade da parte aérea da mandioca in natura e fenada das cultivares boi-tatá e paraguaia produzidas no inverno na região Sul do Brasil Autor: Ferreira, Nycolle Lauanda Primeiro orientador: Zambom, Maximiliane Alavarse Abstract: The aerial part of cassava (Manihot esculenta) has stood out as a promising alternative forage for ruminants, especially during periods of forage scarcity, due to its good nutritional composition and wide availability. However, the method of preservation, whether fresh or as hay, can significantly alter the chemical quality, digestibility, and microbiological profile of the material. Furthermore, during storage, the presence of filamentous fungi can compromise the stability and safety of the feed through the production of mycotoxins. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the proximate composition, in vitro digestibility, protein and non-fibrous carbohydrate fractionation, as well as the microbiological characteristics of the aerial part of cassava from the Boi-tatá and Paraguaian cultivars, preserved in fresh and hay forms during the winter. The plants were harvested between June and July, 30 cm above the ground, shredded, and sun-dried for 20 days. Sixteen samples were collected for proximate analysis, in vitro digestibility, protein fractionation, and microbiological evaluation. Haymaking promoted an increase in dry matter, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, and lignin contents, and a reduction in the soluble protein fraction (fraction A) and in vitro dry matter digestibility. On the other hand, an increase in crude protein and fiber digestibility was observed, as well as a reduction in the indigestible protein fraction (fraction C), indicating greater utilization of the less degradable fractions. The two cultivars showed similar nutritional behavior. In the microbiological analysis, the hay from the Paraguaian cultivar showed a higher fungal count, while the Boi-tatá cultivar showed a predominance of yeasts. The identified genera Fusarium, Penicillium, Aspergillus, and Cladosporium are considered spoilage and potentially toxic fungi, as they can produce mycotoxins, that are harmful to animal production. It is concluded that the aerial part of cassava has high potential as an alternative forage, maintaining relevant nutritional quality even after the haymaking process under winter conditions, provided that good drying and storage practices are adopted to minimize the growth of undesirable fungi. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Dissertação