https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/576 Thu, 05 Feb 2026 02:14:41 GMT 2026-02-05T02:14:41Z https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8198 Title: Adubação da cultura da soja com fontes de boro em solos de diferentes texturas na região Oeste do Paraná Autor: Brasil, João Batista Primeiro orientador: Lana, Maria do Carmo Abstract: Soybean productivity has increased due to the efficient use of fertilizers and the use of cultivars with high yield potential. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the availability and behavior of different boron sources (boric acid, ulexite, and borax) applied at doses of 1 and 1.5 kg ha-1 pre-sowing, through the nutrient content in the soil and plant, yield components, and crop productivity. The experiments were conducted in the 2024/2025 growing season in the municipalities of Assis Chateaubriand (clay soil) and Brasilândia do Sul (sandy loam soil), both in the western region of Paraná, in a randomized block design with a 3×2+1 factorial arrangement, totaling seven treatments and four replications. Evaluations included boron content in the plant and soil, number of pods and grains per plant, thousand-grain weight, productivity, and nutrient balance. Boron content in the plant and soil was determined using the Azomethine-H method with spectrophotometric reading. Data were analyzed by ANOVA (F-test), comparison of treatment means with the control using Dunnett's test, and comparison of means between sources and doses using Tukey's test. In clay soil, a significant effect of boron fertilization on nutrient balance was observed, particularly with sources at a dose of 1.5 kg ha-1. In sandy loam soil, an increase in foliar and grain content was observed, as well as an increase in thousand-grain weight and boron balance in the treatments compared to the control. The significant effects observed in the balance extended to the interaction between the sources and doses evaluated. It is concluded that boron supply contributes to soybean productivity, with the response depending on soil type, source, and dose applied. In lighter-textured soils, such as sandy loam, the appropriate choice of source and dose becomes even more crucial due to the higher risk of leaching. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Dissertação Thu, 28 Aug 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8198 2025-08-28T00:00:00Z https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8097 Title: Características agronômicas e produtividade de milho em função de épocas de semeadura Autor: Fidler, Keiler Jeisson Primeiro orientador: Costa, Antonio Carlos Torres da Abstract: Corn is the main cereal produced worldwide. In Brazil, it ranks among the largest cultivated crops. The grain is mainly destined for human and animal consumption. Its adaptability to the environment allows for an wide sowing period. This study aimed to evaluate the phenotypic and productivity components of 20 corn hybrids across four sowing periods to identify productivity components that can provide stability and yield across different sowing seasons (August, September, October, and November). Each sowing seasons corresponds to an experiment comprising 20 hybrids (A1; A2; A3; B1; B2; B3; B4; D1; D2; D3; F1; K1; M1; M2; P1; P2; P3; P4; P5; P6). The experiments were conducted in the municipality of Toledo-PR. The design used was a randomized block design (RBD), consisting of 3 replications. The evaluated variables were: male and female flowering in degree days, number of grain rows per ear, number of grains per row, ear diameter, ear length, ear insertion height, plant height, 1000-grain weight, final population, and yield in kg ha-1. Each experiment was subjected to analysis of variance, applying the F-test at 5%. Subsequently, the four experiments were analyzed together, and differences among the hybrids were identified and grouped using the SCOTT KNOTT test at 5% probability. Regression analysis was performed for comparison between sowing periods. It was concluded that the phenotypic characteristics of the hybrids and the productivity components are influenced by the sowing periods; the evaluated productivity components are significantly influenced by the sowing periods, except for the number of grain rows per ear; September exhibited the highest yield potential; the hybrids with the largest ear diameter across the periods achieved the highest average yields across the periods. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Dissertação Fri, 18 Jul 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8097 2025-07-18T00:00:00Z https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8090 Title: Comportamento de genótipos de milho as doenças transmitidas pelo inseto vetor Dalbulus maidis (DeLong & Wolcott) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) Autor: Wickert, Maria Fernanda Oliveira dos Reis Primeiro orientador: Tsutsumi, Claudio Yuji Abstract: Maize (Zea mays L.) is one of the most important agricultural crops in Brazil, with great economic, social, and strategic relevance for national agribusiness. The present study aimed to evaluate the performance of twelve maize genotypes under natural infection by the etiological agents of the stunt complex, under continuous vector infestation ensured by the “green bridge” technique. This strategy consisted of the staggered planting of the susceptible hybrid NS 75 VIP³ in the borders and corridors of the experimental area, ensuring the maintenance of Dalbulus maidis populations throughout the crop cycle. The field experiment was carried out in Entre Rios do Oeste, Paraná State, at the Experimental Station Professor Alcebiades Luiz Orlando (UNIOESTE), in a randomized complete block design (RCBD), with twelve treatments and three replications, totaling 36 plots. Climatic conditions during the trial were marked by a gradual increase in average temperatures and irregular rainfall distribution, factors that favored vector multiplication and symptom expression. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences only for plant height, indicating the expression of genetic variability among hybrids for this trait. Hybrids such as DEFENDER VIP³ and NS 71 VIP³ achieved greater heights, whereas SUPREMO VIP³ exhibited shorter plants, associated with higher vector colonization. Although no significant statistical differences were observed for grain yield, degree of stunting, or vector population, mean values revealed consistent patterns. The hybrid AG 9035 PRO³ stood out with the highest yield and the lowest degree of stunting, representing a promising material for environments with high vector pressure. P3310 VYHR also performed satisfactorily, combining high productivity with a low degree of stunting. FS 575 PWU, although not the most productive, showed the lowest vector infestation and reduced stunting, suggesting antixenosis or partial resistance mechanisms. In contrast, SUPREMO VIP³ exhibited the poorest performance, combining the lowest yield, the highest degree of stunting, and the largest vector population. The results confirmed that resistance to the stunt complex is partial and quantitative, depending on the interaction among genotype, environment, and vector population dynamics. The identification of hybrids such as AG 9035 PRO³, P3310 VYHR, FS 575 PWU, and DEFENDER VIP³, which combined yield stability with reduced symptom severity, represents an advance for breeding programs and integrated crop management in regions with high pressure of Dalbulus maidis. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Dissertação Tue, 26 Aug 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8090 2025-08-26T00:00:00Z https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8089 Title: Utilização de vapor associado a ácido pelargônico para a dessecação de plantas daninhas Autor: Siqueira, Vitor José Hochmann Primeiro orientador: Fey, Emerson Abstract: The desiccation of weeds present in no-till farming systems is becoming increasingly essential, and when the production system is agroecological, there are few effective alternatives for physical and bioherbicide management. Given this, the objective of this study was to evaluate the control efficiency of steam application at three different speeds, associated with different doses of pelargonic acid, in fallow areas. The experiment was implemented in a randomized block design with a subdivided plot scheme, with three speeds of steam machine movement (0.8 km h-¹, 1.3 km h-1, and 1.8 km h-1) in the plots. The subplots consisted of treatments without steam desiccation and with steam desiccation. Finally, the sub-subplots consisted of five doses of pelargonic acid (0%, 5%, 10%, 20%, and 40%) in a 100 L ha⁻¹ spray. The treatments were applied with a prototype steam generator and applicator machine on the soil surface over spontaneous vegetation composed of various weed species in the reproductive stage. As dependent variables, visual control assessments were performed 1, 3, 7, and 15 days after application, following a percentage control scale. Fifteen days after desiccation, samples of dry mass of green plants and dry mass of dry plants were collected using 0.25 m² samplers. The dry mass of these plants was quantified in terms of dry mass of green monocotyledonous plants, eudicotyledonous plants, total dry mass of green plants, and dry mass of dry plants in kilograms per hectare. The combination of steam applied at 0.8 km h⁻¹ with pelargonic acid showed the most promising results in weed desiccation compared to the other speeds, evidencing a synergistic effect between the physical and bioherbicide methods. Of all the doses of pelargonic acid with the use of steam, the 40% dose proved to be the most effective, showing that only the maximum dose of pelargonic acid used in this experiment obtained the best results. It should be noted, however, that heavy rain (50 mm in 30 minutes) about two hours after desiccation impaired the effects of the treatments, especially the bioherbicide, as even the most effective treatments showed insufficient weed control, below 50%. Therefore, further studies are needed to optimize the technology, improve operational performance, and reduce costs in order to enable its use as a sustainable alternative. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Dissertação Mon, 30 Jun 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8089 2025-06-30T00:00:00Z