https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/567 Sat, 07 Feb 2026 13:42:03 GMT 2026-02-07T13:42:03Z https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8185 Title: Frequência alimentar, nível de atividade, perfil hormonal e perfil oxidativo sistêmico em mulheres pré-menopáusicas Autor: Ebert, Isabela Santos Primeiro orientador: Kawassaki, Aedra Carla Bufalo Abstract: Women’s reproductive phases involve physiological changes influenced by hormonal, behavioral, and environmental factors. In the premenopausal period, although menstrual cycles remain regular, inadequate lifestyle habits may contribute to early metabolic changes, hormonal imbalance, and increased oxidative stress. Therefore, investigating the relationship between diet, physical activity, and hormonal status during this stage can support preventive strategies and health promotion throughout aging. This study aimed to characterize premenopausal women living in Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil, and analyze the relationship between dietary habits, physical activity level, hormonal profile, and systemic oxidative stress indicators. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 49 women aged 25 to 54 years. Sociodemographic and dietary data were obtained using structured questionnaires, including a food frequency questionnaire with classification into seven food groups. Physical activity practice was categorized into three intensity levels based on frequency, duration, and type of exercise. Peripheral blood was collected to measure estradiol and follicle-stimulating hormone levels and to assess systemic oxidative stress through plasma total antioxidant capacity and lipid peroxidation. Data were analyzed using parametric and non-parametric statistical tests, and a significance level of p<0.05 was adopted. A significant association was found between physical activity level, presence of comorbidities, and continuous medication use, indicating that more active women tend to present better overall health status. Dietary patterns were predominantly intermediate across all food groups analyzed, suggesting room for improvement in nutritional quality. Although biochemical analyses did not show statistically significant differences in hormone concentrations or oxidative stress markers between physical activity levels, a favorable trend was observed among physically active participants. These results indicate that healthy lifestyle behaviors may contribute to better metabolic and reproductive balance during premenopause, reinforcing the importance of encouraging preventive actions beginning in early adulthood. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Dissertação Fri, 05 Sep 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8185 2025-09-05T00:00:00Z https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8183 Title: Impacto de um programa remoto de dieta com baixo teor de carboidratos no manejo do diabetes tipo 2: achados de um ensaio clínico randomizado na atenção primária brasileira Autor: Balbinot, Gisely Sanagiotto Primeiro orientador: Vicentini, Geraldo Emílio Abstract: The difficulty of nutritional management and the high prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in primary health care in Brazil highlight the need for innovative strategies based on nutritional education. This study evaluated the effectiveness of an online educational intervention based on a low-carbohydrate diet for adults with T2DM, compared with conventional primary care management. This 16-week parallel randomized clinical trial included 58 non-insulin users (mean age 61 ± 11.3 years; baseline HbA1c 8.3 ± 1.3%) allocated to an Intervention Group (IG, n = 29) or Control Group (CG, n = 29). After 16 weeks, the IG showed significant reductions in HbA1c (−0.91 ± 0.16%; p < 0.001), fasting glucose (−26.2 ± 1.1 mg/dL; p = 0.0004), body weight (−4.35 ± 1.6 kg; p < 0.001), and BMI (−1.63 ± 0.8 kg/m²; p < 0.001). In contrast, the CG exhibited increases in fasting glucose (+18.6 ± 3.1 mg/dL; p = 0.019), body weight (+2.53 ± 1.3 kg; p = 0.0002), and BMI (+0.96 ± 0.5 kg/m²; p = 0.0002), with no significant HbA1c change (+0.25 ± 0.04%; p = 0.304). Between-group comparisons favored the IG (p < 0.001), with net differences of 1.17% in HbA1c and 27.5% in fasting glucose. Additionally, 31% of IG participants achieved HbA1c ≤ 6.5%, whereas none of the CG participants achieved the HbA1c target. Use of oral antidiabetic medication decreased significantly in the intervention group; notably, this reduction was not observed in the control group (44.8% vs. 0%, p < 0.001). In conclusion, the online nutritional education intervention based on a low-carbohydrate diet effectively improved glycemic control, reduced body weight, and lowered medication requirements. Remote monitoring represents a scalable and promising approach for managing T2DM, enhancing adherence, expanding access to care, and reducing disease complications and healthcare system costs. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Dissertação Fri, 29 Aug 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8183 2025-08-29T00:00:00Z https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8111 Title: Fatores de virulência e o perfil de sensibilidade aos antifúngicos de isolados clínicos de Candida albicans de pacientes soropositivos e soronegativos para HIV: estudo experimental in vitro Autor: Biancatti, Renatieli Primeiro orientador: Martins, Cleide Viviane Buzanello Abstract: Fungal infections, especially those of the Candida genus, have become a global concern due to increasing virulence and antifungal resistance. Factors such as medical advancements, longer life expectancy, overuse of antimicrobials, and climate change contribute to their expansion, highlighting the importance of identifying virulence factors for early diagnosis and effective treatment. This work aimed to analyze virulence factors and the antifungal susceptibility profile of clinical isolates of Candida albicans from HIV-seropositive and -seronegative patients, in order to identify possible differences in resistance and fungal invasiveness between the groups. Candida albicans samples from HIV-seropositive and -seronegative patients were subcultured on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) at 35°C for 24 hours prior to testing. After growth, the cultures were adjusted to a concentration of 1x106 CFU/mL and inoculated into Petri dishes containing the culture media indicated for each test. Virulence factors related to thermotolerance, morphogenesis, phospholipase and proteinase production, germ tube formation, and biofilm production were analyzed. Furthermore, the sensitivity profile to the antifungals amphotericin B (AnfB) and fluconazole was evaluated using the broth microdilution technique, following standardized protocols. After appropriate laboratory analyses of the in vitro tests, it was possible to verify that there was no statistically significant difference in the virulence factors expressed by Candida albicans between the different groups included in the study. However, when compared to the ATCC control strain, there was a statistically significant difference in biofilm formation. After profiling the sensitivity of fluconazole and amphotericin B, it was found that the samples presented a higher MIC for fluconazole, which differed when evaluating amphotericin B, which presented MIC at lower concentrations of the drug. It can be concluded a diversity of factors with pathogenic potential expressed by Candida albicans can be observed, highlighting the importance of understanding the mechanisms related to pathogenicity and antifungal resistance. Future studies are needed to evaluate other forms of virulence and other antifungal drugs. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Dissertação Fri, 29 Aug 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8111 2025-08-29T00:00:00Z https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8093 Title: Sociodemographic determinants, chronic pain and impact on quality of life in fibromyalgia: a study in the Southwestern region of Paraná Autor: Machado, Carlos Eduardo Consentino Primeiro orientador: Wendt, Guilherme Welter Abstract: A fibromialgia é uma síndrome crônica caracterizada por dor musculoesquelética generalizada, fadiga, distúrbios do sono e sintomas cognitivos, afetando significativamente a qualidade de vida dos indivíduos. Embora sua etiologia seja multifatorial, aspectos sociodemográficos e contextuais podem influenciar tanto a manifestação quanto a percepção da dor e o impacto funcional da doença. Compreender esses determinantes é essencial para o desenvolvimento de estratégias de cuidado mais sensíveis às realidades locais. Nesse sentido, a região Sudoeste do Paraná, com suas particularidades sociais e econômicas, oferece um cenário relevante para a investigação das inter-relações entre condições de vida, dor crônica e qualidade de vida em pessoas com fibromialgia. Logo, esta pesquisa quantitativa e transversal busca Analisar a associação entre determinantes sociodemográficos, presença de dor crônica e o impacto na qualidade de vida de indivíduos com diagnóstico de fibromialgia na região Sudoeste do Paraná. A partir do cálculo amostral, os dados de 85 indivíduos foram avaliados. Os resultados mostraram que a idade média dos participantes da pesquisa foi de 49,71 anos (DP = 9,50), variando de 26 a 69 anos; 96,47% eram mulheres. Observou-se maior prevalência da fibromialgia em indivíduos em união estável (71,76%) e que possuíam níveis de escolaridade mais altos (44,71% com ensino superior completo). O tempo que os participantes convivem com a dor foi de 14,82 anos (DP = 9,81) e o tempo de diagnóstico de fibromialgia variava entre 0,5 e 40 anos (DP = 9,35) com média de 11,13 anos. Quanto à severidade da dor, a maioria dos participantes relatou dor muito severa (56,47%), enquanto 28,24% classificaram a dor como moderadamente severa. A satisfação dos indivíduos em seis domínios (lazer, trabalho, bem estar/autocuidado, habilidade em praticar exercícios, funcionalidade em geral e qualidade de vida) declinou significativamente em todos os domínios após o diagnóstico de fibromialgia (p < 0,001), com tamanhos de efeito mínimos acima de 0,60. A fibromialgia impacta intensamente a qualidade de vida, especialmente entre mulheres em idade produtiva. A dor crônica severa e persistente compromete múltiplos domínios funcionais, destacando a necessidade de abordagens de cuidado integradas e sensíveis aos aspectos sociodemográficos. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Dissertação Thu, 07 Aug 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8093 2025-08-07T00:00:00Z