https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/524 Wed, 02 Sep 2026 19:43:46 GMT 2026-09-02T19:43:46Z https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8630 Title: Biochar de açaí e Bacillus safensis como estratégia sustentável para a promoção do crescimento do feijoeiro Autor: Santos, Andressa Luiza Machado dos Primeiro orientador: Pinto, Fabiana Gisele da Silva Abstract: The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is an essential food in the Brazilian diet, with a high protein and mineral content. In light of the demand for sustainable agricultural practices, biochar, a byproduct of the pyrolysis of agro-industrial waste, stands out for its ability to improve the chemical, physical, and biological properties of the soil. At the same time, plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPBs) are emerging as a complementary strategy in sustainable agriculture and plant tolerance to climate change. In this context, bacteria isolated from different conservation areas (Campos Ferruginosos de Carajás National Park (PA), Guartelá State Park (PR), and Iguaçu National Park (PR)) were subjected to in vitro assays to select elite strains with growth-promoting potential and tolerance to abiotic stresses (temperature, salinity, and water deficit). Following selection, greenhouse experiments were conducted with common beans under ideal and water-deficient conditions, combining inoculation with different doses (0, 4, 8, 16, and 20 t ha⁻¹) of açaí biochar (Euterpe oleracea Mart.). Five strains of the genus Bacillus (Bacillus safensis (LMB 414), B. thuringiensis (LMB 372), B. cereus (PEG 156), and B. velezensis (LMB 314 and LMB 398)) exhibited all mechanisms of plant growth promotion (indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) production, siderophore synthesis, phosphorus solubilization, and biological oxygen fixation). In a greenhouse, under ideal water conditions, increasing doses of biochar led to a progressive increase in shoot length 14 and 21 days after sowing and at the final assessment. Under water stress, treatments with biochar and inoculation with B. safensis (LMB 414) promoted a progressive increase in root length and root dry weight, contributing to the mitigation of water stress. The results indicate that the integration of açaí biochar and B. safensis constitutes a promising strategy for the development of agricultural bio-inputs, promoting common bean growth, tolerance to water deficit, and the sustainability of agricultural systems. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Dissertação Wed, 25 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8630 2026-02-25T00:00:00Z https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8623 Title: Diversidade morfológica e anatômica foliar de Asteraceae em área relictual de campos arenosos e rochosos (campos rupestres) Autor: Araujo, Guilherme de Almeida Caputti Primeiro orientador: Silva, Shirley Martins Abstract: This dissertation consists of a single chapter aimed at the morphological and anatomical characterization of the leaf blades of an Asteraceae assemblage found in a relictual area of campo rupestre (rocky grassland). It discusses conserved traits, potential morpho-anatomical adaptations of the taxa to local edaphoclimatic conditions, and adaptive convergences among the analyzed species. Sixty-five species distributed across 11 tribes were collected; they were primarily herbaceous or shrubby in habit and grew in full sun. We identified numerous morpho-anatomical traits that may constitute survival strategies for the assemblage's taxa, such as tall, voluminous epidermal cells, thickened epidermal walls, thin cuticles, stomatal crypts, high trichome coverage, compact mesophyll, vascular bundles with perivascular fibers and lignified parenchymatous sheath extensions, and small leaves. Statistical analysis revealed a negative correlation between leaf area and the thickness of the adaxial and abaxial epidermis (and their cell walls), suggesting that, within the studied group, species with smaller leaves tend to invest more resources in their outer leaf covering. The assemblage exhibits diverse leaf traits related to survival in its habitat; some species are clearly conservative xeromorphs, while others combine different strategies. Thus, the studied assemblage displays morpho-anatomical adaptations and adjustments in functional traits that may represent responses to habitat characteristics—specifically, recurrent water scarcity due to sandy soil and high light intensity, which can also expose the plants to thermal stress. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Dissertação Thu, 28 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8623 2026-05-28T00:00:00Z https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8619 Title: Efeito da adição de carbono com ação prebiótica, extrato de aroeira (Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi) e herbicida no controle das plantas daninhas Picão-Preto (Bidens subalternans DC.) e Capim-Milhã (Digitaria ciliaris (Retz.) Koeler) Autor: Rotta, Victor Manuel Lustoza Primeiro orientador: Portz, Roberto Luis Abstract: The indiscriminate use of pesticides in modern agriculture has led to a series of environmental impacts, such as the contamination of ecosystems and the selection of resistant organisms. In this context, the demand for more sustainable and environmentally safe management strategies is growing. Currently, the use of soil microbiota activities is still underutilized in weed management, although it presents promising potential. The addition of compounds with a high carbon content can stimulate microbial growth, promoting the temporary immobilization of soil nutrients, especially nitrogen. This reduction in nutrient availability can alter the competitive dynamics between plant species, affecting the development of plants that are more responsive to nitrogen. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the potential of applying sucrose as a prebiotic carbon source for the soil, associated with the use of an aqueous extract of Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi and a chemical herbicide, in the post emergence control of black jack (Bidens subalternans DC.) and crabgrass (Digitaria ciliaris (Retz.) Koeler). The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, using eight treatments and ten replicates. Plant phytometric parameters, chlorophyll a, b, and total chlorophyll content, and soil microbial activity, estimated by counting colony-forming units (CFU), were evaluated. The data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance, and the means were compared using Tukey's test at a 5% probability level. The results indicated that the addition of sucrose to the soil promoted an increase in microbial activity and significant reductions in the growth of the evaluated weeds, especially when associated with the herbicide. The combined treatments allowed for the maintenance of high levels of weed suppression even with the use of a reduced herbicide dose. Furthermore, physiological analyses demonstrated a reduction in chlorophyll content in the treated plants, indicating physiological stress. These results suggest that manipulating the soil microbiota through the addition of carbon may represent a promising strategy for integrating sustainable weed management systems, contributing to reducing the dependence on synthetic herbicides in modern agriculture. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Dissertação Mon, 25 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8619 2026-05-25T00:00:00Z https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8604 Title: A simplificação funcional em reservatórios neotropicais revelada através de um novo índice de invasão Autor: Jacome, Franceline Ahmann Primeiro orientador: Piana, Pitágoras Augusto Abstract: Studying the number of non-native species of fish, we aim to verify if the introduction of non native species in hydroelectric reservoirs provides functional alteration of the assembly. Fish were collected from twenty hydroelectric reservoirs, belonging to the Neotropical region. The fish were collected with waiting nets, packed in drums and sent to the laboratory. Then, the fish were identified, weighed and measured. For statistical analysis, metrics of abundance in number and biomass and species richness were selected to obtain the degree of introduction. Still, the functional traits of the species were obtained, later converted into functional indices and related to the degree of introduction through Pearson's correlation. The gradient of species introduction present between the reservoirs was significantly associated with functional indices: functional richness increases as this gradient increases, functional equitability, Rao's quadratic entropy and functional dispersion tend to decrease and functional divergence does not vary greatly depending on the introduction of species. These were the standards for most reservoirs, but we also found some caveats, like Capivari’s reservoir. It was possible to verify that non-native species lead to the functional modification of the assembly in which they are found. The importance of using different metrics is also highlighted, since the individual analysis of only one, could lead to a misinterpretation of the results. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Dissertação Fri, 21 Feb 2020 00:00:00 GMT https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8604 2020-02-21T00:00:00Z