TEDE Collection:

Oclusão seletiva e permanente da artéria cerebral média em ratos: uma abordagem experimental para o estudo de déficits motores e de memória espacial

Thu, 18 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Oclusão seletiva e permanente da artéria cerebral média em ratos: uma abordagem experimental para o estudo de déficits motores e de memória espacial Autor: ALMEIDA, Leandro Pelegrini de Primeiro orientador: Balbo, Sandra Lucinei Abstract: Introduction: Ischemic stroke (IS) has high clinical relevance and demands experimental approaches capable of enabling the development of novel adjuvant therapies. Due to the similarity of cerebral vascular anatomy to that of humans, rats are widely used as experimental models of IS. However, there remains a need for methods that generate an ischemic environment more closely resembling that observed in humans, using an approach that prioritizes selective occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCA), the vessel most commonly employed in experimental occlusion models. Objective: To establish a reproducible method for performing craniectomy followed by permanent and selective occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) in rats, aiming to standardize the procedure, reduce technical challenges, and enable its application in studies of motor deficits and spatial memory impairment. Methods: Twenty-eight Wistar rats (N = 28) were equally allocated into two groups: a craniectomy-only group (SHAM) and a craniectomy combined with selective MCA occlusion group (SMCAO). On postoperative days 7 and 8, animals underwent the postural test and the object location recognition memory test, respectively. After euthanasia, brain tissues were sectioned and processed using Nissl staining. A detailed surgical protocol was developed to demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the method, encompassing preoperative preparation, anesthesia, positioning, craniectomy, MCA occlusion, and closure. Results: The method produced significant deficits in the SMCAO group, as evidenced by the postural test (p = 0.015) and the object location recognition memory test (p < 0.001). Histological examination confirmed the selectivity of the approach, with injury localized to regions associated with the hippocampal network—such as the perirhinal, entorhinal, and piriform cortices—and the external capsule, while deeper brain structures remained preserved. Conclusions: This protocol proved to be a reproducible and effective method for inducing selective MCA ischemia in rats. It represents a valid and technically accessible experimental tool for studies investigating the pathophysiological mechanisms and potential therapeutic strategies in ischemic stroke. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Dissertação

ASSOCIAÇÃO ENTRE A PREVALÊNCIA DE LESÕES POR PRESSÃO EM PACIENTES CRÍTICOS E SUPLEMENTAÇÃO ALIMENTAR HIPERPROTEICA: ESTUDO TRANVERSAL

Thu, 05 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Title: ASSOCIAÇÃO ENTRE A PREVALÊNCIA DE LESÕES POR PRESSÃO EM PACIENTES CRÍTICOS E SUPLEMENTAÇÃO ALIMENTAR HIPERPROTEICA: ESTUDO TRANVERSAL Autor: Camargo, Nathan Iori Primeiro orientador: Costa, Rose Meire Abstract: Pressure injuries (PI) are localized damage to the skin and underlying tissues, caused by sustained pressure of the epidermis against an external surface or by the combination of pressure and shear forces, and may progress to tissue ischemia, necrosis, and, in severe cases, ulcers and amputations. Hospitalized individuals, especially those admitted to intensive care units (ICUs), are particularly susceptible to these injuries due to reduced mobility, nutritional impairment, and compromised health status. This results in prolonged hospital stays, increased costs, and higher morbidity and mortality. Preventive strategies include systematic risk assessment and specific nutritional care. In this context, nutritional supplementation—especially hyperproteic formulations—has been used as an adjuvant nutritional strategy with potential to contribute to the prevention of PI. This cross-sectional study aimed to analyze the association between PI prevalence and hyperproteic nutritional supplementation in critically ill patients. Data were collected between February and October 2025 through the analysis of secondary data from patients receiving nasoenteral tube feeding who were classified as being at high risk for PI development according to the Braden scale, during ICU hospitalization at a public teaching hospital in western Paraná, Brazil. The sample consisted of electronic medical record data from 152 patients, including sociodemographic, clinical, nutritional, and laboratory variables, analyzed using Jamovi software version 2.4.8. The sample had a mean age of 54.2 ± 19.2 years, with a predominance of adults (56%), males (69%), and a PI prevalence of 44%, with a mean time to injury onset of 9 ± 2.9 days. Neurology was the most frequent medical specialty (49%), and traumatic brain injury was the main cause of hospitalization (21%). Regarding comorbidities, hypertension (37%) and diabetes (23%) were the most prevalent. Among patients who received nutritional supplementation, most did not develop PI (71%, n = 54), and those who did (29%, n = 22) had a mean time of 11 ± 2.4 days until injury onset. In contrast, among patients who did not receive supplementation, 59% (n = 45) developed PI during hospitalization, with a mean time of 8 ± 2.7 days until injury development. These descriptive findings were corroborated by adjusted logistic regression analysis, in which non-use of nutritional supplementation was associated with a higher likelihood of developing PI during hospitalization (adjusted OR = 3.45; 95% CI: 1.54–7.75; p = 0.003). Additionally, achievement of nutritional targets was identified as a protective factor associated with a lower likelihood of PI occurrence, independently of supplement use (OR = 0.18; 95% CI: 0.08–0.39; p < 0.001). Longitudinal analysis of laboratory parameters demonstrated progressive improvement in total protein, albumin, and globulin levels throughout hospitalization, predominantly associated with achievement of nutritional targetsIn conclusion, hyperproteic supplementation was associated with a lower occurrence of PI in critically ill patients, reflecting its preferential use in individuals with greater clinical severity and nutritional risk. Moreover, achievement of nutritional targets was consistently associated with a lower prevalence of PI and improvement in laboratory parameters, reinforcing the central role of adequate nutritional support in the care of critically ill patients. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Dissertação

EFEITO DO OZÔNIO SOBRE CÉLULAS INFLAMATÓRIAS E FATOR DE CRESCIMENTO TGF-β1 EM MEMBRANAS DE FIBRINA RICA EM PLAQUETAS AVANÇADA (A-PRF).

Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Title: EFEITO DO OZÔNIO SOBRE CÉLULAS INFLAMATÓRIAS E FATOR DE CRESCIMENTO TGF-β1 EM MEMBRANAS DE FIBRINA RICA EM PLAQUETAS AVANÇADA (A-PRF). Autor: Rambo, Lariessa Suelen Primeiro orientador: Nassar, Patrícia Oehlmeyer Abstract: Introduction: Gingival recession (GR), present in 40% to 100% of periodontitis cases, is characterized by the displacement of the apical gingival margin to the cementoenamel junction. It is associated with periodontal tissue loss, resulting in tooth hypersensitivity, carious and non-carious lesions, difficulty in plaque control, and aesthetic compromise. The gold standard treatment for GR is connective tissue grafting. However, less invasive alternatives have been studied, such as platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) membranes, an autologous biomaterial rich in growth factors that promotes healing, tissue regeneration, and inflammation control. At the same time, ozone has demonstrated antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and healing properties, which may enhance the biological effect of platelet concentrates. However, studies on the association of both are still scarce. Objective: To evaluate the effect of ozone on inflammatory cells and TGF-β1 growth factor in Advanced Platelet-Rich Fibrin (A-PRF) membranes. Method: A-PRF was obtained from 20 patients with type 1 gingival recession in Cairo, following the standard protocol. Blood samples (60 mL) were collected by venipuncture, centrifuged at 1300 rpm for 14 minutes, and separated into A-PRF membranes. Ozone gas (10 μg/mL) was applied to five 10 mL tubes of blood before centrifugation. After processing, two membranes from each patient (one treated with ozone and one untreated) were processed histologically. The slides were stained using the hematoxylin and eosin technique and evaluated under an optical microscope at 400x magnification. A descriptive morphological analysis of inflammatory cells was performed, as well as a quantitative analysis of inflammatory cells in sequential fields. To evaluate the expression of the growth factor TGF-β1, an ELISA test was performed, in which plates sensitized with anti-TGF-β1 antibodies were incubated with the supernatants from the membranes. After adding the peroxidase-conjugated detection antibody and revealing the reaction, the reading was performed at 450 nm. The concentration of TGF-β1 was determined from the standard curve by linear regression, with the results expressed in pg/mL. Results: Clinical data were collected from patients (gender, age, BMI, BP, blood glucose, and comorbidities). It was observed that the majority were female (80%), with a mean age of 32.1 years, a mean BMI of 26.6 kg/m² (overweight), and blood pressure and blood glucose within normal limits. In the histological analysis, different types of cells (neutrophils, lymphocytes, macrophages, and eosinophils) were observed in the A-PRF slides with and without ozone. There was a percentage increase in neutrophils (31.19%) and eosinophils (83.67%) in the membranes with ozone, but without statistical significance. Lymphocytes and macrophages showed a reduction, also without significant differences. The total number of cells was similar between the groups. Analysis of the mean concentration of TGF-β1 showed no statistically significant difference between the groups. Conclusion: The data from this study suggest that low doses of ozone do not alter the number of inflammatory cells or the expression of the growth factor TGF β1 in ozone-treated and untreated A-PRF membranes. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Dissertação

Ensino do cuidado à família na formação em enfermagem: análise de cursos de graduação de instituições públicas do Paraná

Mon, 24 Nov 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Ensino do cuidado à família na formação em enfermagem: análise de cursos de graduação de instituições públicas do Paraná Autor: Luz, Mateus Souza da Primeiro orientador: Conterno , Solange de Fátima Reis Abstract: Given the national scenario, in which the Family Health Strategy is the cornerstone of Primary Health Care, and recognizing the central role of the family in social organization, human development, and the health-illness process, it is essential that nurse training includes skills focused on family care. From this perspective, this dissertation aimed to analyze how the family system has been addressed in the training process in undergraduate nursing courses at state higher education institutions in Paraná. This is a qualitative study, developed from a combination of document analysis and semi-structured interviews. The Thematic Content Analysis proposed by Bardin was employed, using MAXQDA24® software. The study integrated the analysis of the eight Political-Pedagogical Projects of the state higher education institutions in Paraná that offer undergraduate nursing courses and the participation of 14 teachers. Of these, seven coordinators and seven teachers were interviewed. The participants had a high level of academic qualification, extensive experience in higher education, and solid performance in healthcare practice. The results, organized into three complementary and interdependent studies, provided an in-depth understanding of how Family Nursing has been incorporated into the training of nurses. In general, it was evident that this component is addressed in a sporadic and fragmented manner, without support from consistent theoretical references and without a specific training structure for teaching this subject. Gaps were found in the definition of competencies, in the articulation between theory and practice, and in the incorporation of the family dimension as a cross-cutting theme in the curricula. Although the importance of the family as a unit of care is recognized by both teachers and coordinators, teaching practices occur in isolation, sustained by the individual initiative of teachers, without any systematic documentation. Among the challenges identified were teacher turnover, the lack of consistent theoretical training on families, and the absence of structured institutional guidelines. Potential strengths included the engagement and commitment of the teaching staff, the value placed on Family Centered Care, and the recognition of continuing education as an essential strategy for strengthening the theoretical and practical aspects of this dimension in nursing education. It was concluded that the inclusion of the family system in training, although recognized as relevant, remains incipient, fragmented, and lacking in consolidated theoretical and methodological support. The mismatch between the educational discourse and the curriculum shows that the family dimension has not yet been incorporated as a structuring axis of the educational process. Strengthening this perspective requires a critical review of pedagogical projects, faculty training, and the institutionalization of training policies aligned with the principles of the Brazilian public health system. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Dissertação