https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/513 Wed, 17 Jun 2026 03:19:11 GMT 2026-06-17T03:19:11Z https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8388 Title: Imobilização da endoxilanase de Thermomyces Ianuginosus pc7s1t em quitosana magnética: caracterização e produção de xilooligossacarídeos a partir de resíduos agrícolas Autor: RODIO, Laura Camila Wagner Primeiro orientador: KADOWAKI, MARINA KIMIKO Abstract: Xylanases are hydrolytic enzymes with great biotechnological potential and applications in several sectors, such as the food industry, animal feed, beverages, paper, biofuels, the production of xylooligosaccharides, and the bioconversion of agricultural waste. Their large-scale or industrial application is contingent upon parameters such as thermal stability, adaptability to various reaction conditions, and the feasibility of recovery and reuse post-process. Enzyme immobilization serves as a strategy to enhance biocatalysts by securing the enzyme within a matrix that imparts advantageous properties for its application. Chitosan is a non-toxic, low cost, renewable biopolymer with high protein affinity that stands out as a material for immobilization, allowing different mechanisms such as covalent binding and entrapment. This study aimed to characterize the endoxylanase from the filamentous fungus Thermomyces lanuginosus PC7S1T, immobilized in magnetic chitosan, and to explore its applicability in the production of xylooligosaccharides. The immobilization of endoxylanase on this support resulted in a yield of 90.65%, an efficiency of 73.66%, and a recovered activity of 66.77%. The enzyme demonstrated exceptional storage stability, maintaining 94% of its activity after 50 days at 4°C. The reuse investigation indicated that the immobilized enzyme preserved 54% of its relative activity over 10 cycles. At temperatures of 70°C and 75°C, the immobilized endoxylanase exhibited enhanced stability relative to its free form, and at pH 6.5, it retained 100% of its activity following 5 hours of incubation. The presence of Mn²⁺ ions resulted in enhanced activity in both the free (22.5%) and immobilized (25.3%) forms; whereas, exposure to ethanol and Triton X-100 led to a decrease in activity of 28.1% and 23.6% for the immobilized enzyme, respectively. The saccharification of hemicelluloses derived from agricultural residues (corn straw and cob, sugarcane bagasse, and sorghum biomass) demonstrated that the immobilized enzyme enhanced the production of xylooligosaccharides, particularly xylotriose (X3) and xylotetraose (X4), though with a slightly lower overall yield compared to the free enzyme. Scanning electron imaging demonstrated considerable depolymerization of these hemicellulose fibers by the immobilized enzyme. Toxicity evaluations revealed that the XOS generated by the immobilized enzyme displayed negligible toxicity to Artemia salina. The endoxylanase immobilized in magnetic chitosan exhibits novel and advantageous properties that satisfy the requirements for resilient biocatalysts appropriate for industrial applications, particularly in the degradation of agricultural residues and the synthesis of xylooligosaccharides with potential prebiotic uses. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Dissertação Tue, 25 Feb 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8388 2025-02-25T00:00:00Z https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8386 Title: Avaliação da atividade tripanocida in vitro de extrato de folhas de Pereskia aculeata Autor: PASTRI, Mariana Primeiro orientador: Menolli, Rafael Andrade Abstract: Chagas disease was discovered in 1909 by Carlos Chagas and is transmitted by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi). The World Health Organization classifies Chagas disease on the list of neglected tropical diseases, which are prevalent in impoverished populations. Pereskia aculeata (P. aculeata), which belongs to the Cactaceae family and is popularly known as ora-pro-nóbis (OPN), has bioactive properties and has been found to have analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and free radical damage inhibitory properties. In this way, the study of medicinal plants becomes an alternative in the search for new treatments. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-T. cruzi activity of P. aculeata leaf extract obtained by ultrasound assisted extraction against the T. cruzi parasite. The OPN leaf extract was tested on the epimastigote, trypomastigote and amastigote forms of T. cruzi using L929 cells. The treatments were carried out at different concentrations (9.1 to 300 µg/mL) diluted in RPMI or DMEM medium. Some of the concentrations tested had trypanocidal activity, especially the concentration of 300 µg/mL, which acted on the epimastigote and amastigote forms of the parasite. In the cytotoxicity tests, the extract did not affect cell viability at the concentrations tested. The extract was unable to stimulate the production of nitric oxide (NO), but in one of the concentrations it was able to inhibit its secretion, as well as demonstrating antioxidant activity and suppressing the production of superoxide anion. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Dissertação Tue, 25 Feb 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8386 2025-02-25T00:00:00Z https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8367 Title: Propriedades bioativas de talinum paniculatum: composição fitoquímica e perspectivas para aplicação na indústria alimentícia Autor: SAUTER, Claudianara da Cruz Primeiro orientador: Mikito, Luciana Bill Abstract: Talinum paniculatum (Major-Gomes), a non-conventional food plant (Panc), presents high functional and nutritional potential, with possible applications in food supplementation, pharmacognosy, and sustainability. For this study, we aimed to characterize its leaves morphoanatomically, evaluate the centesimal composition, identify bioactive compounds, and investigate its antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Histological analysis revealed adaptive structures typical of tropical environments, such as dorsiventral mesophyll and unistratified epidermis, and the presence of druse idioblasts, indicating good water resistance and ecological versatility. The centesimal composition demonstrated that the dehydration of the leaves concentrates nutrients with high levels of proteins, fibers, and lipids. We identified compounds such as flavonoids (28.6 ± 2.44 mg QE g⁻¹), total phenolics (0.387 ± 0.007 mg EAG g⁻¹), and significant antioxidant activity (68.79 ± 0.79 mg ET g⁻¹). Furthermore, we identified compounds such as flavonoids (28.6 ± 2.44 mg QE g⁻¹), total phenolics (0.387 ± 0.007 mg EAG g⁻¹), and significant antioxidant activity (68.79 ± 0.79 mg ET g⁻¹) with flavonoids being the main contributors to this action. The antimicrobial activity was selective, with inhibition of the yeast Candida krusei. Qualitative phytochemistry confirmed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, saponins, and steroids, with hydroalcoholic extracts (methanol:water, 1:9, v/v) performing better. In contrast, the hexane extract was effective only for lipophilic compounds, with no significant antioxidant or antimicrobial activity. Although the tests had limitations against other strains. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Dissertação Mon, 16 Jun 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8367 2025-06-16T00:00:00Z https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8304 Title: AVALIAÇÃO DA AÇÃO DE FIBRA ELETROFIADA DE ECOVIO® COM OU SEM ÓLEO OZONIZADO INTEGRADO NA CICATRIZAÇÃO DE LESÕES POR Leishmania amazonensis EM MODELO ANIMAL Autor: Pilatti, Isabella Caroline Primeiro orientador: Menolli, Rafael Andrade Abstract: Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a neglected tropical disease that causes severe skin lesions, leaving scars that affect the physical and psychological well-being of patients. Conventional treatments for CL are expensive and have limited accessibility, are associated with adverse effects such as hepatic and renal toxicity, and cases of treatment resistance have been reported, compromising patient adherence. Ozonized sunflower oil has been explored as a promising alternative due to its antimicrobial and wound-healing properties. The electrospinning technique, in turn, enables the production of nanofibers that can be incorporated with bioactive compounds, presenting potential for low-cost treatments with cellular benefits. Thus, in this study, the efficacy of electrospun fibers impregnated with ozonized sunflower oil was evaluated for the treatment of cutaneous lesions caused by Leishmania amazonensis, in combination with the standard treatment (meglumine antimoniate), for wound healing of lesions on the dorsal region of mice. The results showed that the group treated with electrospun Ecovio® fiber without additives (G2) was promising in reducing lesion size. Histological evaluation demonstrated significant epithelial recovery in animals treated with additive free Ecovio® fiber. However, lesions treated with fiber containing ozonized oil showed greater collagen deposition. In the systemic evaluation, the group treated with additive free Ecovio® was the only one to demonstrate a reduction in leukocyte count, indicating that Ecovio® is capable of systemically modulating inflammation, promoting a progressive decrease in leukocyte numbers over time. Finally, in the cytokine analysis, an increase in IL-6 was expected in the infected and untreated group. Regarding TNF-α, the lowest concentration was observed in the untreated group. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Dissertação Thu, 26 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8304 2026-02-26T00:00:00Z