https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/6298 2026-08-07T04:55:04Z https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8492 Title: Fragilidade ambiental e potencial energético em propriedades de agricultura familiar no Município de Cascavel- PR Autor: Bandeira, Gabriela Primeiro orientador: Prior, Maritane Abstract: Family farming plays a strategic role in food security, environmental sustainability, and socioeconomic development, especially in agro-productive regions such as Cascavel. However, this sector faces significant challenges related to land-use intensification, reduction of vegetation cover, and the need to incorporate sustainable technologies that ensure the productive viability of rural properties. In this context, this study aimed to identify and classify environmental fragility levels and to assess the potential for renewable energy implementation in family farming properties in Cascavel–PR, Brazil, through an integrated geospatial approach. The methodology was based on the environmental fragility framework proposed by Ross (1994), distinguishing potential fragility, associated with natural terrain conditions, and emergent fragility, resulting from the interaction between physical factors and anthropogenic land use. Slope was classified according to technical parameters from EMBRAPA and IBGE; land use and land cover were analyzed using MapBiomas Collection 10; and Permanent Preservation Areas (APPs) were evaluated in accordance with Brazilian Forest Code (Law No. 12,651/2012). A total of 67 rural properties distributed across eight districts of the municipality were analyzed, with six selected for multitemporal analysis of land use and land cover between 2015 and 2023. The results revealed a predominance of moderate (50.7%) and high (40.3%) environmental fragility levels, mainly associated with undulating terrain and intensified agricultural use. The estimated energy potential indicated an average productivity of 1,515 kWh/kWp·year for photovoltaic generation, demonstrating not only the technical feasibility of solar energy in rural contexts, but also its potential as a complementary strategy for income generation and strengthening family farming systems. Unlike conventional approaches that assess energy potential in isolation, the results show that its feasibility is directly related to local environmental conditions, such as slope, vegetation cover, and the presence of protected areas. It is concluded that the integration of environmental planning and energy use allows not only the mitigation of impacts in more sensitive areas, but also the optimization of land use. Furthermore, this integration may contribute to the reorientation of territorial planning in family farming and to the development of public policies aimed at sustainable land use, productive diversification, and the promotion of environmentally suitable energy systems, in alignment with the Sustainable Development Goals. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Tese 2026-04-07T00:00:00Z https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8309 Title: Desempenho de motor ciclo diesel utilizando biodiesel de óleos de culturas oleaginosas Autor: Zago, Emmanuelle Albara Primeiro orientador: Siqueira, Jair Antonio Cruz Abstract: This work compared the combustion efficiency and emissions of a generator powered by different types of fuels: S10 diesel, refined soybean oil biodiesel, refined sunflower oil biodiesel, refined canola oil biodiesel, and refined cottonseed oil biodiesel. Different biodiesel blends (B0, B10, B20, B30, B100) were tested to evaluate the performance and emissions of the different fuels. The production of biodiesels took place at the Technology and Sustainability Laboratory (LABTES) of UNIOESTE, Cascavel Campus, Paraná, while the characterization of the samples was carried out by the Poollab Laboratory, in Itajaí, Santa Catarina. The fuels were burned in a diesel cycle engine in tests lasting 10 minutes each, using a fixed rotation of 2000 RPM and burning at different loads, from 0 N.m to 3 N.m. The tests evaluated gas emissions and the efficiency of each biofuel at the different loads. The efficiency results indicate a higher fuel consumption as the amount of biodiesel in the blends increased, compared to the volume of mineral diesel. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Tese 2025-12-12T00:00:00Z https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8265 Title: Análise econômica e energética do aproveitamento do lodo de esgoto sanitário considerando o uso nos sistemas de geração de energia Autor: Zanini, Bárbara Primeiro orientador: Souza, Samuel Nelson Melegari de Abstract: Periodically, various types of waste are generated and disposed of in landfills. Among these, sewage sludge stands out, representing problems from both an environmental and financial standpoint for sanitation companies. In this context, the present study proposed an analysis of the economic and energy viability of utilizing sewage sludge, filling the gap in integrated studies between these analyses. Pellets were produced with different proportions of sludge and Pinus wood dust (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% w/w) using a Rotex Master pellet mill (1,500 kg·h⁻¹). The samples were characterized in terms of moisture, ash content, volatile matter, fixed carbon, calorific value, elemental composition (TXRF), thermal stability (TGA), and pyrolysis gas emission (EGA-FTIR). The results showed moisture contents between 1.89 and 6.76%, according to NBR ISO 18134-2:2015. Ash content increased proportionally to sludge content (0.85% to 29.96%), while the higher heating value (HHV) ranged from 14.447 to 19.006 MJ·kg⁻¹. Thermogravimetric analyses showed greater thermal stability for pellets with a higher proportion of sludge, with mass losses of 39% to 75% between 25 and 600°C. Formulations with up to 50% sludge showed energy performance compatible with ISO 18125:2017 (≥16.56 MJ·kg⁻¹). Thermogravimetric and spectroscopic analyses showed stable thermal behavior, predominant release of CO₂, CH₄, and oxygenated compounds, and absence of toxic gases at critical concentrations. For the Biomass Quality Index (BQI) calculations, pellets with sewage sludge in their composition presented an index outside the standard limit due to the large amount of ash, zinc, and copper in their composition. For the economic feasibility analysis, all types of pellets produced from sewage sludge show favorable returns on investment and economic indicators when compared to those made from wood dust, as the cost decreases as a greater amount of sludge is included in their composition, the Net Present Value (NPV) also increases, and the payback period decreases, indicating an increasing viability of the investment. The Levelized Cost of Pellets (LCOP) per ton of pellet (R$/ton) ranged from R$ 614.44/ton for pellets with 25% sludge (15% discount rate) to a minimum of R$ 296.31/ton for pellets with 50% sludge (5% discount rate). Pellets using pure wood showed an LCOP between R$ 882.99 and R$ 888.51/ton. Thus, the incorporation of up to 50% sewage sludge in biomass pellets proved viable, preserving adequate energy properties and being economically feasible despite the excessive amount of ash and some metals, since the inclusion of sludge in the production process reduces the cost of raw materials and eliminates the cost of disposal in landfills. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Tese 2025-12-16T00:00:00Z https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8252 Title: Adequação bioclimática: avaliação das condições de uma edificação para equinos e proposta de melhorias visando o bem-estar animal Autor: Vieira, Giovana Dombeck Primeiro orientador: Siqueira, Jair Antonio Cruz Abstract: This research aims to explore the bioclimatic architecture for rural equine buildings in a stud farm located in the region of Terra Roxa - PR. The proposal aims to evaluate the best interior design solution, considering the well-being and development of the equines. For satisfactory performance of the equine well-being, the conditions of thermal comfort, especially light comfort, will be taken into consideration. The study was developed using software such as Sketchup and Revit for interior modeling, and DiaLux for the lighting study. The data from the developed projects will be analyzed in the Energy Plus software to determine the energy efficiency of the equine facilities. The main results found allowed us to conclude that the thermal comfort parameters are inadequate for the comfort of the equines and the proposed architectural readjustment can significantly improve the thermal comfort conditions for the animals and reduce electricity consumption by up to 24%, with the proposed bioclimatic solutions. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Dissertação 2025-07-30T00:00:00Z