https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/524 2026-08-22T20:42:52Z https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8619 Title: Efeito da adição de carbono com ação prebiótica, extrato de aroeira (Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi) e herbicida no controle das plantas daninhas Picão-Preto (Bidens subalternans DC.) e Capim-Milhã (Digitaria ciliaris (Retz.) Koeler) Autor: Rotta, Victor Manuel Lustoza Primeiro orientador: Portz, Roberto Luis Abstract: The indiscriminate use of pesticides in modern agriculture has led to a series of environmental impacts, such as the contamination of ecosystems and the selection of resistant organisms. In this context, the demand for more sustainable and environmentally safe management strategies is growing. Currently, the use of soil microbiota activities is still underutilized in weed management, although it presents promising potential. The addition of compounds with a high carbon content can stimulate microbial growth, promoting the temporary immobilization of soil nutrients, especially nitrogen. This reduction in nutrient availability can alter the competitive dynamics between plant species, affecting the development of plants that are more responsive to nitrogen. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the potential of applying sucrose as a prebiotic carbon source for the soil, associated with the use of an aqueous extract of Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi and a chemical herbicide, in the post emergence control of black jack (Bidens subalternans DC.) and crabgrass (Digitaria ciliaris (Retz.) Koeler). The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, using eight treatments and ten replicates. Plant phytometric parameters, chlorophyll a, b, and total chlorophyll content, and soil microbial activity, estimated by counting colony-forming units (CFU), were evaluated. The data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance, and the means were compared using Tukey's test at a 5% probability level. The results indicated that the addition of sucrose to the soil promoted an increase in microbial activity and significant reductions in the growth of the evaluated weeds, especially when associated with the herbicide. The combined treatments allowed for the maintenance of high levels of weed suppression even with the use of a reduced herbicide dose. Furthermore, physiological analyses demonstrated a reduction in chlorophyll content in the treated plants, indicating physiological stress. These results suggest that manipulating the soil microbiota through the addition of carbon may represent a promising strategy for integrating sustainable weed management systems, contributing to reducing the dependence on synthetic herbicides in modern agriculture. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Dissertação 2026-05-25T00:00:00Z https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8604 Title: A simplificação funcional em reservatórios neotropicais revelada através de um novo índice de invasão Autor: Jacome, Franceline Ahmann Primeiro orientador: Piana, Pitágoras Augusto Abstract: Studying the number of non-native species of fish, we aim to verify if the introduction of non native species in hydroelectric reservoirs provides functional alteration of the assembly. Fish were collected from twenty hydroelectric reservoirs, belonging to the Neotropical region. The fish were collected with waiting nets, packed in drums and sent to the laboratory. Then, the fish were identified, weighed and measured. For statistical analysis, metrics of abundance in number and biomass and species richness were selected to obtain the degree of introduction. Still, the functional traits of the species were obtained, later converted into functional indices and related to the degree of introduction through Pearson's correlation. The gradient of species introduction present between the reservoirs was significantly associated with functional indices: functional richness increases as this gradient increases, functional equitability, Rao's quadratic entropy and functional dispersion tend to decrease and functional divergence does not vary greatly depending on the introduction of species. These were the standards for most reservoirs, but we also found some caveats, like Capivari’s reservoir. It was possible to verify that non-native species lead to the functional modification of the assembly in which they are found. The importance of using different metrics is also highlighted, since the individual analysis of only one, could lead to a misinterpretation of the results. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Dissertação 2020-02-21T00:00:00Z https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8587 Title: Gradientes ambientais e delimitação das florestas subtropicais brasileiras: uma revisão sistemática. Autor: Quinto, Gabriela Gariani Primeiro orientador: Temponi, Lívia Godinho Abstract: The use of the term “subtropical” remains inconsistent in the Brazilian scientific literature, especially in the context of forest formations associated with the Atlantic Forest. In this study, we sought to identify which Brazilian forest formations have been classified as subtropical and to characterize the environmental gradients associated with these forests. To this end, a systematic literature review was conducted in the Scopus and Web of Science databases, yielding 372 records, of which 80 studies were included after applying the eligibility criteria. Based on these studies, geographic coordinates and information on climate, elevation, precipitation, and phytophysiognomy were compiled, supplemented by standardized edaphic data. Spatial analyses were also performed using interpolation, density estimation, and environmental suitability modeling via the MaxEnt algorithm. The studies focused primarily on the states of Paraná, Santa Catarina, and Rio Grande do Sul (94%), where the humid subtropical climates Cfa and Cfb predominate. The phytophysiognomies most frequently associated with the term were the Mixed Rainforest (42%) and the Seasonal Semideciduous Forest (23.5%), both within the Atlantic Forest region. Based on the data compiled in the review, areas classified as subtropical are associated with annual mean temperatures between 12.2 and 21.6 °C, annual precipitation between 1,181 and 3,300 mm, and elevations of up to approximately 1,668 m. The results demonstrate that the term “subtropical forest,” as used in the analyzed literature, corresponds to a quantifiable environmental envelope defined by specific combinations of climatic, topographic, and phytophysiognomic attributes, and not necessarily to the official delimitation or actual distribution of a biome within Brazilian territory. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Dissertação 2026-02-26T00:00:00Z https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8505 Title: Caracterização morfológica e citogenética dos pequenos mamíferos ocorrentes na região oeste do Paraná Autor: Andrietti, Luis Felipe Primeiro orientador: Vogliotti, Alexandre Abstract: The local fauna characterization has been increasingly important in studies of basic and applied ecology, conservation, management and restauration, extinction risk assessments, etc... since it provides more effective data of the relations of the occorring species with the environmental characteristics. Allied to this, the knowledge of the complex patterns of distribution and occurrence of small mammals in Atlantic Forest is still very incipient. In this sense, the present study made captures of small terrestrial mammals in five fragments of western region of Paraná, Brazil, with the aim of characterizing the fauna using three techniques: external and cranial morphometry, cytogenetics and trichology. Ninety eight individuals belonging to seven species of rodents and two species of marsupials were captured. The rodent species were Akodon montensis, Oligoryzomys nigripes, Oligoryzomys flavescens, Euryoryzomys russatus, Thaptomys nigrita and Juliomys pictipes. The marsupials species were Monodelphis dimidiata and Marmosa paraguayana. There were records of chromossomal and morphometry variations for the species Akodon montensis and Marmosa paraguayana. In addition, the first description of the trichological patterns of Monodelphis dimidiata and Oligoryzomys flavescens was made here. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Dissertação 2019-04-18T00:00:00Z