https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/504 2026-05-17T08:30:56Z https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8419 Title: Repercussões mentais e físicas em idosos após internação na Unidade de terapia intensiva por COVID-19 Autor: Ibrahim, Saluhu Primeiro orientador: Rodrigues, Rosa Maria Abstract: The Covid-19 virus is highly contagious and easily penetrates the airways, initially attacking the lungs and spreading to other organs, with a high potential to cause damage and death. Common symptoms include headaches, sore throats, flu-like symptoms, fever, cough, fatigue, dyspnea, tiredness, loss of taste, nasal congestion, nasal discharge, nausea and vomiting, and digestive problems such as diarrhea. Furthermore, it has the potential to cross the blood-brain barrier, leading to neural disturbances that can persist for days, weeks, months, or even longer, resulting in various problems such as depression, anxiety, forgetfulness, and insomnia. The elderly are the most affected due to immunodeficiency and chronic conditions. The objective of this study was to understand the perception of elderly individuals admitted to the Intensive Care Unit due to Covid-19 infection regarding the mental and physical repercussions after infection. Methodology: This is an exploratory, descriptive, and field study with a qualitative approach, conducted with elderly individuals who were admitted to the Intensive Care Unit of a university hospital located in the western region of Paraná. Data was retrieved from the electronic medical records of elderly individuals diagnosed with and admitted to the Intensive Care Unit due to Covid-19. Semi- structured interviews were conducted, recorded with an MP3 player, validated by the participants, transcribed, and analyzed using Bardin's method. Results: The study included 11 participants aged between 64 and 80 years. The findings indicated that the majority of the elderly were female (54.54%), aged between 70 and 80 years (63.64%), white (54.55%), married (45.45%), with completed primary education (90.90%), retired, and with an income equivalent to one minimum wage (90.90%). All participants reported some type of impairment resulting from Covid-19, with varying impacts, some presenting more pronounced consequences in the mental sphere, while others had more significant repercussions in the physical aspect. Final considerations: The study evidenced psychological, emotional and physical changes caused by Covid-19. Therefore, it is imperative to direct specialized attention to this population to mitigate the long-term consequences. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Dissertação 2026-03-10T00:00:00Z https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8380 Title: O Itinerário terapêutico de pessoas com obesidade no sus: uma experiência na região oeste do Paraná Autor: Oliveira, José Joacy Rabelo de Primeiro orientador: Araújo, Allan Cezar Faria Araújo Abstract: Introduction: The increasing prevalence of overweigh and obesity constitutes one of the main challenges for contemporary public health, compromising health systems. In this context, understanding the therapeutic itinerary of obese individuals referred for bariatric surgery can contribute to improvements in care practies and multidisciplinary follow-up strategies. Objectives: To analyze the characteristics of the therapeutic itinerary of individuals indicated for bariatric surgery, attended by a specialized service of a public teaching hospital in the western region of Paraná; To describe current situation of obesity in the municipalities that refer patients to the bariatric surgery and obesity service; To evaluate the relevance of interdisciplinay follow-up in the tratament of obesity; And to identify patients perceptions of facilitators and barries encountered along the preoperative therapeutic itinerary. Methods: This is a mixed-methods study (qualitative and quantitative), based on the inductive method, with an observational cohort design and longitudinal charater. Quantitative data were obtaained from the monitoring sreadsheets of users participating in the bariatric surgery and obesity service and analyzed using Quantum GIS softwere. Qualitative data derived from semistructured interviews with 19 participants followed for 12 months, verified according to the content analysis technique proposed by Bardin, with the support of TAMS Analyser software. Results and discussion: the qualitative analysis allowed us to understand the current obesity status of the studied group, it is clinical and social aspects. From the analysis of the interviews, five thematic categories were identified: contemporary eating habits; physical aactivity in daily digital life; emotions and self-image; social determinants of health; and access to health care. After this analysis, we can identify errors and success in the therapeutic itinerari, which helps us reflect on what measures could be tken to improve the treatment of obese patients in the western region of Paraná. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Dissertação 2026-03-04T00:00:00Z https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8365 Title: Influência da Fissura Labiopalatina no Desenvolvimento Motor em Crianças na Região Oeste do Paraná - Brasil Autor: BERTOLDO, Maria Goreti Weiand Primeiro orientador: Costa, Rose Meire Abstract: Cleft lip and palate (CLP) is the most prevalent congenital craniofacial anomaly worldwide; its correction must begin early and requires multiple procedures and prolonged treatment periods, often leading to various complications that may affect infant motor development (MD). Since the literature on this topic is still incipient, this research was conducted in two stages. The first consisted of an integrative review to identify a possible relationship between CLP and delays in MD, and the second investigated the impact of this condition on the motor performance of infants up to 18 months of age. For the review, primary and secondary studies published between 1990 and 2020 were analyzed with no language restrictions. Of the 360 articles extracted using defined criteria from relevant databases, 8 studies were included. The results indicate significant delays in children with CLP, especially in language and fine motor skills, as well as impairments in cognitive, social, and personal domains. The severity and anatomical type of the cleft appeared to be potential modulators of the profile and intensity of delays, although this association was not consistently observed across studies. The observational research with a cross sectional design was conducted at a specialized craniofacial anomaly center in a public hospital in the western macroregion of Paraná, Brazil. Data collection took place between 2020 and 2025, during which 204 infants were assessed, and the type of cleft was classified using the Spina scale, and MD was measured using the Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS). Analyses were performed in R software (version 4.5.1), and homogeneity between categories was assessed using Pearson’s chi square test. Differences in performance between postures in each trimester were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey’s test (p < 0.05). The results showed that most children with clefts were male (53,4%), with an equivalent distribution among cleft types (pre-foramen 33,3%, , post-foramen 31.0%, trans foramen 37.1%) and a predominance of unilateral clefts (56.0%). It was found that 50.2% of the children scored below the 50th percentile on the AIMS, indicating risk or clear motor delay. The analysis revealed that the supine posture showed early stabilization, whereas the other postures exhibited gradual progression and greater variability, reflecting an increase in biomechanical complexity and postural control demands. Moreover, the study validates the use of the AIMS for this population, providing a useful tool to quantify deficits and support early interventions aimed at ensuring the full motor development of children with clefts. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Tese 2025-12-16T00:00:00Z https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8364 Title: Oclusão seletiva e permanente da artéria cerebral média em ratos: uma abordagem experimental para o estudo de déficits motores e de memória espacial Autor: ALMEIDA, Leandro Pelegrini de Primeiro orientador: Balbo, Sandra Lucinei Abstract: Introduction: Ischemic stroke (IS) has high clinical relevance and demands experimental approaches capable of enabling the development of novel adjuvant therapies. Due to the similarity of cerebral vascular anatomy to that of humans, rats are widely used as experimental models of IS. However, there remains a need for methods that generate an ischemic environment more closely resembling that observed in humans, using an approach that prioritizes selective occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCA), the vessel most commonly employed in experimental occlusion models. Objective: To establish a reproducible method for performing craniectomy followed by permanent and selective occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) in rats, aiming to standardize the procedure, reduce technical challenges, and enable its application in studies of motor deficits and spatial memory impairment. Methods: Twenty-eight Wistar rats (N = 28) were equally allocated into two groups: a craniectomy-only group (SHAM) and a craniectomy combined with selective MCA occlusion group (SMCAO). On postoperative days 7 and 8, animals underwent the postural test and the object location recognition memory test, respectively. After euthanasia, brain tissues were sectioned and processed using Nissl staining. A detailed surgical protocol was developed to demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the method, encompassing preoperative preparation, anesthesia, positioning, craniectomy, MCA occlusion, and closure. Results: The method produced significant deficits in the SMCAO group, as evidenced by the postural test (p = 0.015) and the object location recognition memory test (p < 0.001). Histological examination confirmed the selectivity of the approach, with injury localized to regions associated with the hippocampal network—such as the perirhinal, entorhinal, and piriform cortices—and the external capsule, while deeper brain structures remained preserved. Conclusions: This protocol proved to be a reproducible and effective method for inducing selective MCA ischemia in rats. It represents a valid and technically accessible experimental tool for studies investigating the pathophysiological mechanisms and potential therapeutic strategies in ischemic stroke. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Dissertação 2025-12-18T00:00:00Z