TEDE Collection:

β-mananase em dietas contendo grãos secos de destilaria de alta proteína para frangos de corte

2026-06-17T22:08:46Z

Title: β-mananase em dietas contendo grãos secos de destilaria de alta proteína para frangos de corte Autor: Casimiro, Lara Helena Primeiro orientador: Eyng, Cinthia Abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of β-mannanase supplementation in diets containing high-protein dried distillers grains (HP-DDG) on performance, energy values, intestinal permeability, pancreatic enzyme and intestinal disaccharidase activities, serum biochemical parameters, and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) profile of cecal contents in broiler chickens during the starter phase. A total of 72 one-day-old male Cobb 500® chicks were assigned to a completely randomized design with two treatments: diets containing 7.5% HPDDG, with or without β-mannanase. Performance was evaluated at 7 and 14 d. At the same periods, apparent metabolizable energy (AME), nitrogen-corrected apparent metabolizable energy (AMEn), and metabolizability coefficients were determined. At 14 d, one bird per replicate was selected for blood collection for serum biochemical analysis, intestinal permeability assessment, SCFA (acetic and butyric acids) determination on cecal content, and pancreatic (amylase, lipase, trypsin, and chymotrypsin) and intestinal disaccharidase (maltase and sucrase) activity analyses. Data were subjected to analysis of variance after verification of residual normality by the Shapiro–Wilk test, adopting a 5% significance level. No differences (P>0.05) were observed between treatments for performance, energy values, intestinal permeability, enzyme activities, serum biochemical parameters, or SCFA profile. However, βmannanase supplementation resulted in a numerical increase of 53 kcal kg⁻¹ in AME. It is concluded that β-mannanase supplementation in diets containing HP-DDG does not affect performance or physiological parameters of broilers during the starter phase. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Dissertação

Farelo de semente de abacate desengordurado na dieta de frangos de corte

2026-04-29T13:23:01Z

Title: Farelo de semente de abacate desengordurado na dieta de frangos de corte Autor: Toniazzo , Gabrieli Primeiro orientador: Nunes , Ricardo Vianna Abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate defatted avocado seed meal (DASM) in broiler diets. In Experiment I, the digestibility of DASM was assessed. For this purpose, 42 male Ross AP95 broilers, 10 days old, were distributed in a completely randomized design (CRD) with two treatments (reference diet – RD; and diet with 20% DASM – AD), seven replicates, and three birds per metabolic cage. After five days of adaptation and five days of total excreta collection, digestibility and metabolizability coefficients were determined. DASM had 87.77% dry matter (DM), 4.24% crude protein (CP), 15.96% crude fiber (CF), 19.26% acid detergent fiber (ADF), 26.93% neutral detergent fiber (NDF), 10.63% lignin, and 38.54% starch, with gross energy (GE) of 3971 kcal/kg. The apparent metabolizable energy (AME) was 1088.97 kcal/kg of DM, and the nitrogen-corrected apparent metabolizable energy (AMEn) was 1070.20 kcal/kg of DM, with a metabolizability coefficient of 22.03%. Phenolic compounds such as catechin, epicatechin, phenolic acids, furan derivatives, and unsaturated fatty acids were identified. In Experiments II and III, the effects of DASM inclusion from 1 to 21 and from 1 to 42 days of age were evaluated. A total of 720 male Ross AP95 broilers were distributed in a CRD with five levels of DASM (0.0, 1.5, 3.0, 4.5, and 6.0%), eight replicates, and 18 birds per experimental unit. The inclusion of DASM in the diets did not influence (P>0.05) feed intake, body weight, or broiler weight gain. However, feed conversion ratio showed linear and quadratic effects (P=0.0007). In the cecal content, acetic and propionic acid concentrations were not affected, whereas butyric acid increased linearly and quadratically (P=0.0001) with increasing DASM inclusion. Villus height, villus-to-crypt ratio, and absorption area were not affected (P>0.05), while crypt depth showed linear and quadratic responses (P=0.0060). Meat tenderness improved (P=0.0003) with increasing DASM inclusion, and cooking loss showed a quadratic effect (P=0.0012). The results indicate that DASM can be included in diets without compromising performance, health, or meat quality, and may contribute to increased production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and improved meat tenderness. At 42 days of age (Experiment III), DASM inclusion did not affect (P>0.05) bird performance. In the cecal content, linear and quadratic increases were observed in acetic acid (P=0.0009) and butyric acid (P=0.0001), while propionic acid remained unchanged (P=0.9397). In intestinal morphometry, villus height showed linear and quadratic effects (P=0.0010), crypt depth showed a quadratic effect (P=0.0337), villus-to-crypt ratio showed linear and quadratic effects (P=0.0084), and absorption area also showed a quadratic response (P=0.0021). Blood biochemical parameters were not affected (P>0.05). Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Dissertação

Métodos de conservação e determinação de triptofano e serotonina em sangue por HPLC-FLD

2026-03-19T22:10:01Z

Title: Métodos de conservação e determinação de triptofano e serotonina em sangue por HPLC-FLD Autor: Markmann, Ryana Cristina Primeiro orientador: Valente, Ériton Egidio Lisboa Abstract: Tryptophan follows three metabolic pathways, including the serotonin pathway (5-HT), which acts in intestinal, immunological, endocrine, and metabolic processes, especially in ruminants. The detection of 5-HT in biological fluids is performed by chromatographic techniques, with HPLC-FLD being promising but still poorly established for blood fractions. As 5-HT is unstable and easily degraded, it requires antioxidants and controlled storage for reliable analysis. This study was conducted with the aim of developing a rapid and accurate methodology for storing and quantifying 5-HT together with tryptophan (TRP) using highperformance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD) and evaluating temporal variations and variations in blood fractions. The analytical method was isocratic with fluorescence detection. The mobile phase was evaluated with 50 mM potassium phosphate buffer at different pH values (3.5, 4.0, 4.5) and methanol:buffer ratios (25:75, 20:80, 15:85). The stability of analytes in blood serum samples with different preservatives was evaluated for tryptophan and serotonin stability in blood serum samples. To analyze the temporal dynamics of serotonin in blood fractions, an experiment was conducted with six male Holstein cattle (436.8 ± 36.4 kg). Blood samples were collected at time points 0 (before feeding), 6, 12, and 18 hours after the first feeding. The mobile phase composed of 80% KH₂PO₄ buffer (pH 3.5) and 20% methanol showed the best results with excellent correlation for TRP (R² = 1.0000) and 5-HT (R² = 0.9997). The limits of quantification (LOQ) and detection (LOD) found were 14.54 pmol/mL and 4.80 pmol/mL for TRP and 12.27 pmol/mL and 4.058 pmol/mL for 5-HT. The recoveries obtained were 105% for TRP and 103% for 5-HT. Treatment of serum samples with HClO₄ and methanol (40%) resulted in better preservation of TRP and 5-HT stored at -20°C and -80°C for 56 days. Serum 5-HT levels remained stable throughout the day, while tryptophan levels fluctuated. The results demonstrate that the method developed is sensitive and reliable for the quantification of serotonin and tryptophan in biological matrices. The joint addition of HClO4 and methanol allows TRP and 5-HT stored at -80°C for at least 56 days. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Dissertação

Simbiótico na alimentação de matrizes suínas em lactação

2026-02-25T22:29:32Z

Title: Simbiótico na alimentação de matrizes suínas em lactação Autor: Bickel, Amanda Gabriela Primeiro orientador: Carvalho, Paulo Levi de Oliveira Abstract: The supplementation of synbiotics in swine production has become increasingly relevant due to their positive effects on intestinal microbiota modulation and animal health, in addition to their use as performance enhancers. In this context, a study was conducted to evaluate the effect of synbiotic supplementation in diets of lactating sows on productive efficiency, hematological, biochemical and immunological profiles, nutrient digestibility, intestinal health of sows, and the productive performance of their offspring. The experiment involved 84 TN70 sows (Topigs Norsvin®), with an initial body weight of 236.0 ± 22.9 kg and a final body weight of 206.5 ± 27.6 kg, allocated in a randomized complete block design (RCBD), with 21 replicates and four treatments, where the pen containing the sow and her litter was considered the experimental unit. Treatments consisted of: (1) control diet (CD); (2) CD + 0.5 kg synbiotic/ton of feed (CD05); (3) CD + 1.0 kg synbiotic/ton of feed (CD10); and (4) CD + 1.5 kg synbiotic/ton of feed (CD15). The synbiotic consisted of Bifidobacterium bifidum, Bifidobacterium lactis, Enterococcus faecium, Lactobacillus casei, Saccharomyces boulardii, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS), and mannanoligosaccharides (MOS). Sows from the CD15 group showed a higher body condition score at the end of lactation (P = 0.048) compared with those from the CD group, and a lower body condition score loss (P = 0.009). Piglets from sows receiving synbiotic supplementation had greater weaning body weight (P = 0.003) compared with piglets from the CD group. Furthermore, piglets from the CD group showed a higher incidence of diarrhea (P = 0.013) than piglets from the synbiotic groups. Sows from the CD05 group presented lower values of the enzyme aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (P = 0.059) compared with those from the CD group. Females receiving synbiotic supplementation (CD05, CD10, and CD15) exhibited higher values of digestible energy (DE) (P < 0.0001) than those from the CD group. As synbiotic inclusion levels increased, there was an improvement in digestible protein (DP) values of sows (P < 0.0001). In addition, sows from the CD05 and CD15 groups showed a high abundance of bacteria belonging to the Methanobacteriaceae family and the genus Methanobrevibacter, suggesting a potential intensification of methanogenic activity, associated with a more anaerobic intestinal environment and enhanced fermentation of fibrous substrates. In conclusion, synbiotic supplementation in diets of lactating sows improved sow and litter performance, reduced the incidence of diarrhea in piglets, enhanced DE and DP values in sows, and modulated the intestinal microbiota, without negatively affecting other variables. Under the experimental conditions, synbiotics can be used as a performance-enhancing additive during lactation. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Dissertação