https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/554 2026-02-03T19:42:30Z 2026-02-03T19:42:30Z Borges, Anderson https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8162 2025-12-02T17:28:46Z 2025-08-25T00:00:00Z

Title: Dinâmica pluvial na bacia hidrográfica do Rio Chapecó: influência do El Niño oscilação sul nas áreas de risco de enchente/inundação (1975-2021) Autor: Borges, Anderson Primeiro orientador: Pontelli, Marga Eliz Abstract: The El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is a worldwide phenomenon, and, in Brazil, it has distinct characteristics in each region. In the South of the country, this weather pattern causes an increase (El Niño) or reduction (La Niña) in annual precipitation totals. Therefore, it is possible to relate this increase in the amount of precipitation to episodes of floods and inundations that have occurred over the years in the region. Several authors have already studied the relationship between ENSO and inundation episodes. However, in western Santa Catarina, these studies are still scarce. To expand the studies on this theme, the spatial focus of this research is the hydrographic basin of the Chapecó River (BHRC), which for decades has accumulated social and economic losses with hydrological events. BHRC is found on the Araucaria plateau, more specifically in the Midwest of Santa Catarina. The Chapecó River is 248 km long, draining an area of 8,190 km², passing through 30 municipalities. These municipalities are considered small, mostly with less than 10 thousand inhabitants. The period of the research is from 1975 to 2021, with the goal of obtaining a significant series, with more than 30 years and with as few flaws as possible. Based on the above, this research aims to characterize the rainfall regime in the BHRC and show variations in the areas of flood/inundation risk in ENSO years. The specific objectives are: (i) to characterize (qualitatively and quantitatively) the rainfall regime; (ii) identify the time of recurrence of extreme precipitation events; (iii) map the areas at risk of flooding/inundation; and (iv) prepare risk maps for the most affected municipalities. The text is divided into five chapters. The first consists of the bibliographic reference on the research theme, looking to define the main concepts. The second includes the methodological assumptions of the research. The third addresses the area of study, presenting physical aspects. The fourth includes the characterization of the rainfall regime (total annual and monthly), the statistical parameters, the classification of standard years, and the time of recurrence of extreme events (five-day period). Finally, in the fifth chapter, information about the fieldwork and the identification of flood/inundation risk areas in the municipalities of Coronel Freitas, Nova Itaberaba, Águas de Chapecó, Saudades, Modelo, and Quilombo are presented. The BHRC showed great variability of rainfall over the years. Wetter periods coincide with El Niño, while dry years are generally unrelated to La Niña. Thus, there is a pattern of precipitation in moderate and strong El Niño episodes, but not in the dry periods linked to La Niña. The largest precipitation events (major floods) had a recurrence time of more than 20 years, reaching up to 127 years in the rainfall season of Saudades, in the event of July 1983. The identification of risk areas was based on the mapping conducted by CPRM, after the floods of 2014 and 2015. In the municipalities of Coronel Freitas, Saudades, Nova Itaberaba and Águas de Chapecó, the risk areas pointed out in the thesis are similar to the respective mapping. However, in the municipalities of Modelo and Quilombo, the research found risk areas greater than those presented in the CPRM mapping, which was confirmed by recent hydrometeorological events (between 2020 and 2023) in the respective municipalities. ENSO events result in a negligible increase in flood/inundation risk areas. It is noted that, in episodes of strong El Niño, the probability of hydrometeorological disasters increases, given the excess of rainfall in these years, forming the necessary conditions for such events. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Tese

2025-08-25T00:00:00Z Silva, Adelaine Firmino da https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8160 2025-12-02T13:26:22Z 2025-08-21T00:00:00Z

Title: Dinâmica dos processos de coluvionamento no semiárido de Alagoas - Maciços De Água Branca e Mata Grande Autor: Silva, Adelaine Firmino da Primeiro orientador: Paisani, Julio Cesar Abstract: The main objective of this research was to verify the depositional dynamics of colluvial deposits in a modeled colluvial slope/colluvium ramp containing a diversity of lithologies between mud and gravel in a semi-arid climate regime. Specifically, it was sought: a) to determine the macro geomorphological context of occurrence of slope deposits with potential for procedural analysis contained in the study area; b) to correlate macrofacies with microfacies; c) to infer the properties of depositional agents of colluvial units according to their facies; d) to provide classification of colluvial units in the rheological and fluid mechanics perspective; e) to verify if there are different macro and microsedimentological signatures for colluvial units between depositional sectors - proximal to distal; and f) determine the paleoenvironmental significance of colluvial units. The methodology integrated office work, field, and laboratory procedures. During the office stage, geomorphological modeled and surfaces were identified and compartmentalized. In the field, a survey of substrates and surface formations in the study area was carried out; among these, 34 outcrops of colluvial deposits were identified in a modeled colluvial slope/colluvial ramp formation. Three outcrops were selected from the distal, medial, and proximal sectors with greater potential for describing their records. Analyses were performed at macro- and micro-sedimentological scales, as well as Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) dating. The mapping of the macro-geomorphology of the area allowed the spatial identification of the following modeled and geomorphic surfaces: Southern Sertanejas Depression, its respective morphostructural units (Pediplain and Massif), and modeled (summits, residual relief,slope with colluvial cover, inselberg, eluvium-covered slope, dissected pediments I and II, and alluvial plain). Regarding the stratigraphy of the colluvial deposits, similar facies were identified in the distal, medial, and proximal sectors: Laminated sandy mud (massive in the field), massive gravelly mud, and massive muddy gravel. The cross analysis of the data revealed that over the last 15.000 years BP, the landscape has been subjected to repeated episodes of slope instability, associated with paleoclimatic fluctuations. Finally, the combination of macro- and microsendimentological criteria enabled the identification of the flows responsible for the deposit formation (end member) and the understanding of mechanisms linked to depositional dynamics. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Tese

2025-08-21T00:00:00Z Barbosa, Jordana Batista https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8152 2025-12-02T11:02:06Z 2025-08-19T00:00:00Z

Title: Estratigrafia, arqueologia e paleoambiente holocênico do Sítio GO-JA-02: uma janela para o passado em Serranópolis (GO) Autor: Barbosa, Jordana Batista Primeiro orientador: Pontelli, Marga Eliz Abstract: The Holocene is a geological epoch marked by regional climatic oscillations. Unlike previous periods characterized by well-established global events, the Holocene displays complex variations influenced by factors such as seasonal insolation, hydrological dynamics, and altitude. The southwestern region of Goiás, Brazil, stands out as an important site for investigation—particularly the archaeological site GO-JA 02, which preserves a continuous stratigraphic sequence spanning the last 12,000 years. This site represents a valuable window into understanding the interactions between climate, landscape, and human occupation in the Cerrado biome. The research integrates multiple environmental and archaeological proxies, including isotopic analyses (δ¹³C and δ¹⁸O), sediment composition, radiocarbon dating (AMS), and geochemical analyses. The δ¹³C values, ranging from -24.39‰ to -25.69‰ over a depth of 180 cm, indicate the dominance of C₃ vegetation (forests and gallery forests), associated with wetter environments and low influence of C₄ vegetation typical of open and dry savannas. Despite relative isotopic stability, it was possible to identify seven distinct phases in the area's paleoenvironmental evolution. The stratigraphy and geochemical analyses also reveal three phases in the sediment formation process: (1) layers with anthropogenic sediments, associated with human occupation, including evidence of hearths, ash, shells, carbonate layers, and lenses; (2) pedogenized sediments, reflecting post-depositional transformation with input materials; and (3) diagenesis, with evidence of processes such as compaction, leaching, cementation, and dissolution. The evidence shows that global events cannot be considered universal at a local scale, as the Cerrado biome responds differently depending on latitude, altitude, and regional hydrological conditions. Interpreting the Holocene requires integrating global signals with local data, emphasizing the importance of detailed regional studies. The archaeological site GO-JA-02 presents clear divisions for the Holocene period based on archaeological, isotopic, and geochemical data, contributing to the construction of a more robust scenario for the South American Holocene. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Tese

2025-08-19T00:00:00Z Duarte, Eduardo da Rosa https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8106 2025-10-30T17:01:23Z 2025-08-19T00:00:00Z

Title: Educação profissional e tecnológica: a proposta de formação da rede pública do Estado de Santa Catarina Autor: Duarte, Eduardo da Rosa Primeiro orientador: Martins, Suely Aparecida Abstract: This dissertation is linked to the research line Society, Knowledge, and Education of the Graduate Program in Education (Master’s level) at the State University of Western Paraná – UNIOESTE, Francisco Beltrão Campus. The general objective was to analyze the trajectory of Brazilian educational policies for Secondary Education, highlighting their historical developments and understanding how these policies underpin Professional and Technological Education (PTE) in Santa Catarina, with emphasis on Law 13,415/2017 and the proposal offered by the Regional Education Coordination Office (RCE) of Dionísio Cerqueira. The guiding research question was: How have the public educational policies of the New Secondary Education, established by Law 13,415/2017, influenced the organization of PTE in Santa Catarina, and in what way is this proposal materialized in the programs offered in schools under the jurisdiction of the RCE of Dionísio Cerqueira? To address this question, the following specific objectives were outlined: to analyze educational policies for Secondary Education and their changes up to the consolidation of Law 14,945/2024; to understand the foundations of PTE in the state Secondary Education system of Santa Catarina; and to elucidate the training proposal offered in PTE programs in Santa Catarina, particularly within the RCE of Dionísio Cerqueira. A documentary research was carried out, delimiting the historical period of Brazil from 1930 to 2024, revisiting decrees, the Law of Guidelines and Bases of National Education, the National and State Education Plans, the Curriculum Proposal of the State of Santa Catarina, the National Common Core Curriculum, the Basic Curriculum of the Santa Catarina Territory, and the Federal Constitution, in order to seek the foundations of PTE and identify the interests and directions of youth training for work. The method of historical dialectical materialism was used to interpret education from an omnilateral perspective. The collected data were organized and discussed in three chapters: the first addresses the history of Brazilian educational policies for secondary education; the second presents PTE and its foundations in Santa Catarina; and the third analyzes the PTE proposal offered by the RCE of Dionísio Cerqueira. We conclude that PTE directed toward youth constitutes a precarious form of training, lacking innovation in physical and scientific structure, suppressing students’ critical development, distancing itself from the principles of democratic education, reinforcing meritocracy, and responding primarily to the immediate needs of the regional socioeconomic market. It is considered necessary to strengthen the struggle for polytechnic education, encompassing science, culture, and technology, which will contribute to building a future in which public schools become spaces of emancipation and transformation for all young people. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Dissertação

2025-08-19T00:00:00Z