https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/524 2026-08-26T21:52:21Z 2026-08-26T21:52:21Z Araujo, Guilherme de Almeida Caputti https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8623 2026-08-25T21:10:18Z 2026-05-28T00:00:00Z

Title: Diversidade morfológica e anatômica foliar de Asteraceae em área relictual de campos arenosos e rochosos (campos rupestres) Autor: Araujo, Guilherme de Almeida Caputti Primeiro orientador: Silva, Shirley Martins Abstract: This dissertation consists of a single chapter aimed at the morphological and anatomical characterization of the leaf blades of an Asteraceae assemblage found in a relictual area of campo rupestre (rocky grassland). It discusses conserved traits, potential morpho-anatomical adaptations of the taxa to local edaphoclimatic conditions, and adaptive convergences among the analyzed species. Sixty-five species distributed across 11 tribes were collected; they were primarily herbaceous or shrubby in habit and grew in full sun. We identified numerous morpho-anatomical traits that may constitute survival strategies for the assemblage's taxa, such as tall, voluminous epidermal cells, thickened epidermal walls, thin cuticles, stomatal crypts, high trichome coverage, compact mesophyll, vascular bundles with perivascular fibers and lignified parenchymatous sheath extensions, and small leaves. Statistical analysis revealed a negative correlation between leaf area and the thickness of the adaxial and abaxial epidermis (and their cell walls), suggesting that, within the studied group, species with smaller leaves tend to invest more resources in their outer leaf covering. The assemblage exhibits diverse leaf traits related to survival in its habitat; some species are clearly conservative xeromorphs, while others combine different strategies. Thus, the studied assemblage displays morpho-anatomical adaptations and adjustments in functional traits that may represent responses to habitat characteristics—specifically, recurrent water scarcity due to sandy soil and high light intensity, which can also expose the plants to thermal stress. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Dissertação

2026-05-28T00:00:00Z Rotta, Victor Manuel Lustoza https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8619 2026-08-21T19:02:19Z 2026-05-25T00:00:00Z

Title: Efeito da adição de carbono com ação prebiótica, extrato de aroeira (Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi) e herbicida no controle das plantas daninhas Picão-Preto (Bidens subalternans DC.) e Capim-Milhã (Digitaria ciliaris (Retz.) Koeler) Autor: Rotta, Victor Manuel Lustoza Primeiro orientador: Portz, Roberto Luis Abstract: The indiscriminate use of pesticides in modern agriculture has led to a series of environmental impacts, such as the contamination of ecosystems and the selection of resistant organisms. In this context, the demand for more sustainable and environmentally safe management strategies is growing. Currently, the use of soil microbiota activities is still underutilized in weed management, although it presents promising potential. The addition of compounds with a high carbon content can stimulate microbial growth, promoting the temporary immobilization of soil nutrients, especially nitrogen. This reduction in nutrient availability can alter the competitive dynamics between plant species, affecting the development of plants that are more responsive to nitrogen. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the potential of applying sucrose as a prebiotic carbon source for the soil, associated with the use of an aqueous extract of Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi and a chemical herbicide, in the post emergence control of black jack (Bidens subalternans DC.) and crabgrass (Digitaria ciliaris (Retz.) Koeler). The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, using eight treatments and ten replicates. Plant phytometric parameters, chlorophyll a, b, and total chlorophyll content, and soil microbial activity, estimated by counting colony-forming units (CFU), were evaluated. The data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance, and the means were compared using Tukey's test at a 5% probability level. The results indicated that the addition of sucrose to the soil promoted an increase in microbial activity and significant reductions in the growth of the evaluated weeds, especially when associated with the herbicide. The combined treatments allowed for the maintenance of high levels of weed suppression even with the use of a reduced herbicide dose. Furthermore, physiological analyses demonstrated a reduction in chlorophyll content in the treated plants, indicating physiological stress. These results suggest that manipulating the soil microbiota through the addition of carbon may represent a promising strategy for integrating sustainable weed management systems, contributing to reducing the dependence on synthetic herbicides in modern agriculture. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Dissertação

2026-05-25T00:00:00Z Jacome, Franceline Ahmann https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8604 2026-08-10T18:50:13Z 2020-02-21T00:00:00Z

Title: A simplificação funcional em reservatórios neotropicais revelada através de um novo índice de invasão Autor: Jacome, Franceline Ahmann Primeiro orientador: Piana, Pitágoras Augusto Abstract: Studying the number of non-native species of fish, we aim to verify if the introduction of non native species in hydroelectric reservoirs provides functional alteration of the assembly. Fish were collected from twenty hydroelectric reservoirs, belonging to the Neotropical region. The fish were collected with waiting nets, packed in drums and sent to the laboratory. Then, the fish were identified, weighed and measured. For statistical analysis, metrics of abundance in number and biomass and species richness were selected to obtain the degree of introduction. Still, the functional traits of the species were obtained, later converted into functional indices and related to the degree of introduction through Pearson's correlation. The gradient of species introduction present between the reservoirs was significantly associated with functional indices: functional richness increases as this gradient increases, functional equitability, Rao's quadratic entropy and functional dispersion tend to decrease and functional divergence does not vary greatly depending on the introduction of species. These were the standards for most reservoirs, but we also found some caveats, like Capivari’s reservoir. It was possible to verify that non-native species lead to the functional modification of the assembly in which they are found. The importance of using different metrics is also highlighted, since the individual analysis of only one, could lead to a misinterpretation of the results. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Dissertação

2020-02-21T00:00:00Z Quinto, Gabriela Gariani https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8587 2026-08-05T18:44:20Z 2026-02-26T00:00:00Z

Title: Gradientes ambientais e delimitação das florestas subtropicais brasileiras: uma revisão sistemática. Autor: Quinto, Gabriela Gariani Primeiro orientador: Temponi, Lívia Godinho Abstract: The use of the term “subtropical” remains inconsistent in the Brazilian scientific literature, especially in the context of forest formations associated with the Atlantic Forest. In this study, we sought to identify which Brazilian forest formations have been classified as subtropical and to characterize the environmental gradients associated with these forests. To this end, a systematic literature review was conducted in the Scopus and Web of Science databases, yielding 372 records, of which 80 studies were included after applying the eligibility criteria. Based on these studies, geographic coordinates and information on climate, elevation, precipitation, and phytophysiognomy were compiled, supplemented by standardized edaphic data. Spatial analyses were also performed using interpolation, density estimation, and environmental suitability modeling via the MaxEnt algorithm. The studies focused primarily on the states of Paraná, Santa Catarina, and Rio Grande do Sul (94%), where the humid subtropical climates Cfa and Cfb predominate. The phytophysiognomies most frequently associated with the term were the Mixed Rainforest (42%) and the Seasonal Semideciduous Forest (23.5%), both within the Atlantic Forest region. Based on the data compiled in the review, areas classified as subtropical are associated with annual mean temperatures between 12.2 and 21.6 °C, annual precipitation between 1,181 and 3,300 mm, and elevations of up to approximately 1,668 m. The results demonstrate that the term “subtropical forest,” as used in the analyzed literature, corresponds to a quantifiable environmental envelope defined by specific combinations of climatic, topographic, and phytophysiognomic attributes, and not necessarily to the official delimitation or actual distribution of a biome within Brazilian territory. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Dissertação

2026-02-26T00:00:00Z