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Fragilidade ambiental e potencial energético em propriedades de agricultura familiar no Município de Cascavel- PR

2026-07-08T23:32:36Z

Title: Fragilidade ambiental e potencial energético em propriedades de agricultura familiar no Município de Cascavel- PR Autor: Bandeira, Gabriela Primeiro orientador: Prior, Maritane Abstract: Family farming plays a strategic role in food security, environmental sustainability, and socioeconomic development, especially in agro-productive regions such as Cascavel. However, this sector faces significant challenges related to land-use intensification, reduction of vegetation cover, and the need to incorporate sustainable technologies that ensure the productive viability of rural properties. In this context, this study aimed to identify and classify environmental fragility levels and to assess the potential for renewable energy implementation in family farming properties in Cascavel–PR, Brazil, through an integrated geospatial approach. The methodology was based on the environmental fragility framework proposed by Ross (1994), distinguishing potential fragility, associated with natural terrain conditions, and emergent fragility, resulting from the interaction between physical factors and anthropogenic land use. Slope was classified according to technical parameters from EMBRAPA and IBGE; land use and land cover were analyzed using MapBiomas Collection 10; and Permanent Preservation Areas (APPs) were evaluated in accordance with Brazilian Forest Code (Law No. 12,651/2012). A total of 67 rural properties distributed across eight districts of the municipality were analyzed, with six selected for multitemporal analysis of land use and land cover between 2015 and 2023. The results revealed a predominance of moderate (50.7%) and high (40.3%) environmental fragility levels, mainly associated with undulating terrain and intensified agricultural use. The estimated energy potential indicated an average productivity of 1,515 kWh/kWp·year for photovoltaic generation, demonstrating not only the technical feasibility of solar energy in rural contexts, but also its potential as a complementary strategy for income generation and strengthening family farming systems. Unlike conventional approaches that assess energy potential in isolation, the results show that its feasibility is directly related to local environmental conditions, such as slope, vegetation cover, and the presence of protected areas. It is concluded that the integration of environmental planning and energy use allows not only the mitigation of impacts in more sensitive areas, but also the optimization of land use. Furthermore, this integration may contribute to the reorientation of territorial planning in family farming and to the development of public policies aimed at sustainable land use, productive diversification, and the promotion of environmentally suitable energy systems, in alignment with the Sustainable Development Goals. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Tese

Deposição de gotas e eficácia do glufosinato de amônio aplicado com Aeronave Remotamente Pilotada (ARP) no controle de Conyza spp.: influência da vazão e do tamanho de gota

2026-07-08T23:31:55Z

Title: Deposição de gotas e eficácia do glufosinato de amônio aplicado com Aeronave Remotamente Pilotada (ARP) no controle de Conyza spp.: influência da vazão e do tamanho de gota Autor: Peres, Dandara Maria Primeiro orientador: Santos, Reginaldo Ferreira Abstract: Spraying with Remotely Piloted Aircraft (RPA) operates with drastically reduced spray volumes (7 to 10 L ha⁻¹) compared to conventional ground methods, imposing the challenge of ensuring sufficient deposition for the efficacy of contact herbicides, such as glufosinate ammonium, used in the management of hairy fleabane (Conyza spp.) in soybean pre-sowing. This study aimed to evaluate combinations of spray volume and droplet size that maximize target deposition, provide effective weed control, and minimize drift risks. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with six replications, using a DJI Agras T40 drone in a commercial area in the municipality of Lindoeste, PR, Brazil. Eight treatments were tested, resulting from the combination of two spray volumes (7 and 10 L ha⁻¹) and four droplet sizes (100, 200, 300, and 400 μm). Deposition was evaluated using water-sensitive papers, analyzing volume median diameter (VMD), covered area (%), droplet density (droplets cm⁻²), and potential drift risk. Hairy fleabane control efficacy was visually assessed at 7 and 14 days after application (DAA), according to the Brazilian Society of Weed Science (SBCPD) methodology. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and regression analysis. Treatments T2 (7 L ha⁻¹ + 200 μm) and T8 (10 L ha⁻¹ + 400 μm) showed the best results, with covered areas of 2.69% and 2.84%, and droplet densities of 79.18 and 57.42 droplets cm⁻², respectively, not differing statistically from each other. Treatment T4 (7 L ha⁻¹ + 400 μm) showed the poorest performance (0.34% coverage). Regression analysis revealed a quadratic relationship between droplet size and covered area, with maximum estimated points at 215 μm (R² = 0.99) for 7 L ha⁻¹ and at 380 μm (R² = 0.58) for 10 L ha⁻¹. Regarding biological efficacy, treatment T5 (10 L ha⁻¹ + 100 μm) provided the highest absolute control at 14 DAA (≈95%), while T2 and T8 showed satisfactory control (≈82% and 64%, respectively), combining good deposition with adequate levels of hairy fleabane suppression. The VMD range between 200 and 300 μm provided the best balance between coverage (>2.5%), density (>50 droplets cm⁻²), and drift risk (<15%). It is concluded that configurations T2 (7 L ha⁻¹ + 200 μm) and T8 (10 L ha⁻¹ + 400 μm) are the most suitable for glufosinate ammonium application via RPA, recommending droplets in the 200–300 μm range to reconcile agronomic efficacy and drift mitigation. "This study was financed in part by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior – Brasil (CAPES) – Finance Code 001." Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Dissertação

Investigação das blendas de sebo bovino no desempenho e emissões em um motor ciclo diesel.

2026-03-13T19:13:00Z

Title: Investigação das blendas de sebo bovino no desempenho e emissões em um motor ciclo diesel. Autor: Mathias, Marco Antonio Primeiro orientador: Machado Junior, Waldir Mariano Abstract: The growing demand for energy and environmental concerns have made clean energy production a priority in the 21st century. Biodiesel emerge as a promising alternative to reduce atmospheric pollution caused by the burning of fossil fuels. The use of residual raw materials, such as animal tallow, represents a sustainable solution by transforming waste into energy, reducing environmental impacts and contributing to the circular economy. Bovine tallow is currently the second main raw material used in biodiesel production in Brazil, although there are still few studies on its performance and emissions in diesel engines. The present study aimed to evaluate the specific fuel consumption and emissions of a single-cylinder diesel engine operating with different blends of beef tallow biodiesel (B10, B20, B30 and B100) under five different loads. Specific fuel consumption (SFC), exhaust gas temperature (EGT), and emissions of NOₓ, HC, CO and CO₂ were analyzed. It was observed that the specific consumption of the biodiesel blends was higher than that of fossil diesel due to their lower calorific value; however, a tendency for reduction was seen at higher loads. The results indicated good engine performance and lower NOₓ emissions compared to conventional diesel, confirming the potential of animal tallow biodiesel as a renewable and cleaner environmental alternative. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Dissertação

Desempenho de motor ciclo diesel utilizando biodiesel de óleos de culturas oleaginosas

2026-03-13T18:58:34Z

Title: Desempenho de motor ciclo diesel utilizando biodiesel de óleos de culturas oleaginosas Autor: Zago, Emmanuelle Albara Primeiro orientador: Siqueira, Jair Antonio Cruz Abstract: This work compared the combustion efficiency and emissions of a generator powered by different types of fuels: S10 diesel, refined soybean oil biodiesel, refined sunflower oil biodiesel, refined canola oil biodiesel, and refined cottonseed oil biodiesel. Different biodiesel blends (B0, B10, B20, B30, B100) were tested to evaluate the performance and emissions of the different fuels. The production of biodiesels took place at the Technology and Sustainability Laboratory (LABTES) of UNIOESTE, Cascavel Campus, Paraná, while the characterization of the samples was carried out by the Poollab Laboratory, in Itajaí, Santa Catarina. The fuels were burned in a diesel cycle engine in tests lasting 10 minutes each, using a fixed rotation of 2000 RPM and burning at different loads, from 0 N.m to 3 N.m. The tests evaluated gas emissions and the efficiency of each biofuel at the different loads. The efficiency results indicate a higher fuel consumption as the amount of biodiesel in the blends increased, compared to the volume of mineral diesel. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Tese