https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/507 2026-11-08T21:26:04Z 2026-11-08T21:26:04Z Vaz, Victor https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8729 2026-11-05T20:35:25Z 2026-03-05T00:00:00Z

Title: Análise do ciclo de vida e da viabilidade econômica de diferentes cenários de manejo de digestatos de efluentes da suinocultura Autor: Vaz, Victor Primeiro orientador: Gomes, Simone Damasceno Abstract: Given the scenario of insufficient domestic production of mineral fertilizers, biofertilizers stabilized through anaerobic digestion emerge as a strategic alternative for fertilizing Brazilian soils, as well as for reducing dependence on imported inputs. However, this potential remains limited due to challenges associated with the logistics and viability of treatment, transport, and distribution. In this context, an analysis is conducted regarding the economic and environmental aspects of different arrangements of biogas plants integrated with technologies for the valorization of swine effluent digestate, including fertigation, drying, chemical precipitation, nitrogen removal, and ammonia recovery via air stripping. The objective is to identify technologies capable of adding value to the anaerobic reactor by-products, minimizing costs and environmental impacts. Thus, the impacts are evaluated using life cycle assessment, while the economic evaluation is determined based on indicators such as net present value (NPV), internal rate of return (IRR), payback period, and return on investment (ROI). The results demonstrate that the analyzed digestate management model constitutes a central element for the environmental and economic viability of biomethane plants, with nitrogen being the main determining factor for both environmental performance and economic viability. From an environmental perspective, scenarios based on advanced nutrient recovery significantly reduced the main impact categories. Struvite precipitation resulted in reductions of 6.69 kg CO₂ eq in global warming and 0.003 kg P eq in phosphorus losses, while ammonia recovery via air stripping presented more substantial reductions, reaching 17.18 kg CO₂ eq in global warming and 496.4 kg 1,4-DCB eq in terrestrial ecotoxicity. From an economic perspective, the internalization of logistics costs made the baseline scenario of direct fertigation unfeasible, which presented an average NPV of –3.22 million USD, an average IRR of –1%, and a 99.9% probability of no payback, with digestate transport costs accounting for approximately 86.4% of the annual costs. In contrast, the scenario based on the production of organomineral fertilizer presented the best economic performance, with an average NPV of 3.09 million USD and an average IRR of 53%, whereas the environmentally superior scenarios presented lower economic attractiveness. Therefore, a structural trade-off between environmental performance and economic competitiveness is evident. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Tese

2026-03-05T00:00:00Z Naliatei, Ana Paula https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8694 2026-10-13T19:06:32Z 2026-08-31T00:00:00Z

Title: A Neurociência Cognitiva e suas Contribuições para o Ensino e a Aprendizagem da Matemática: uma revisão sistemática da literatura no continente americano Autor: Naliatei, Ana Paula Primeiro orientador: Caetano, Richael Silva Abstract: This dissertation – linked to the research line in Mathematics Education of the Graduate Program in Science Education and Mathematics Education (PPGECEM) and to the Interfaces in Mathematics Education Research Group (GPIEM) – consists of a bibliographic study in the form of a Systematic Literature Review (SLR), with a qualitative approach, whose objective is to understand the contributions of Cognitive Neuroscience to the teaching and learning of Mathematics in the school context. The guiding question of the study was: How do studies conducted in the Americas demonstrate the contributions of Cognitive Neuroscience to the teaching and learning of Mathematics in the school context? To answer this question, a search was conducted in seven databases (ERIC, Scopus, Web of Science, SciELO, PubMed, Science.gov, and PubPsych), resulting in a corpus of 97 scientific articles. The analysis was based on the premise that Cognitive Neuroscience can contribute to making the teaching and learning of Mathematics more meaningful, particularly through an understanding of the neurological mechanisms involved in this process. The results reveal that mathematical learning is a multifaceted phenomenon in which brain plasticity acts as an underlying mechanism of numerical fluency. The studies analyzed highlight the importance of domains such as working memory, the Approximate Number System, and visuospatial skills as foundations for success in symbolic calculation. Furthermore, the results transcend the biological dimension by demonstrating that emotional variables, such as mathematics anxiety, and socioeconomic context influence cognitive performance. The contribution identified in the corpus is manifested at different levels, ranging from the clarification of basic cognitive functions to the validation of pedagogical strategies. Part of the reviewed literature indicates a tension between the precision of laboratory findings, characterized by high internal validity, and their applicability to real educational contexts, such as the classroom, where ecological validity tends to be lower. In this regard, the results suggest that neuroscientific knowledge should inform multimodal and inclusive pedagogical practices while avoiding reductionist approaches that medicalize educational processes. In this context, the teacher is conceived as a mediator capable of fostering the transition from concrete reasoning to symbolic manipulation while respecting the student's biological pace and subjectivity. It is concluded that Cognitive Neuroscience, through an ethical and transdisciplinary dialogue with the teaching and learning of Mathematics, can provide insights into human development beyond biological determinism. Ultimately, understanding the genesis of mathematical knowledge implies recognizing that Mathematics shapes the brain and, simultaneously, is shaped by the environment, in a continuous cycle of action, plasticity, and reorganization. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Dissertação

2026-08-31T00:00:00Z Nascimento, Nilson Ribeiro do https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8689 2026-10-08T19:23:23Z 2026-08-27T00:00:00Z

Title: O ensino de ciências nas comunidades indígenas: um olhar para a legislação educacional – o alcoolismo em foco Autor: Nascimento, Nilson Ribeiro do Primeiro orientador: Carvalho, Marco Antonio Batista Abstract: The present dissertation addresses the theme “Science Education in Indigenous Communities: An Examination of Educational Legislation – Alcoholism in Focus”, and arises from a personal and professional concern regarding recurring situations of social and health vulnerability observed among Indigenous peoples, particularly those related to the abusive consumption of alcoholic beverages. The study aims to analyze how Science education in Indigenous schools directly or indirectly incorporates actions and content aimed at raising awareness about alcohol use, in light of Brazilian educational legislation, identifying its potentialities and limitations in promoting health, culture, and Indigenous autonomy. To this end, understanding the social and cultural relationship between Indigenous peoples and alcohol; comprehending the harmful effects of alcohol on these populations and its relationship with their cultural contexts; and analyzing how Science education can serve as a tool for awareness and prevention of alcoholism within Indigenous communities becomes essential for grasping these nuances. The research adopts a qualitative approach, exploratory and descriptive in nature, supported by the content analysis methodology proposed by Laurence Bardin (1977) for the interpretation of data obtained through bibliographic and documentary research. Primary sources included the 1988 Federal Constitution, the National Education Guidelines and Framework Law (Law No. 9,394/1996), the Statute of the Indian (Law No. 6,001/1973), the National Curriculum Framework for Indigenous Schools, the National Curriculum Guidelines (DCNs), and the Brazilian Common National Curriculum (BNCC). Theses, dissertations, and scientific articles discussing the relationship between alcoholism, Indigenous culture, and science education were also consulted. The analysis revealed that, although Brazilian educational legislation recognizes the right of Indigenous peoples to differentiated, bilingual, and intercultural education, public policies remain incipient regarding the systematic inclusion of content related to the prevention of abusive alcohol use. It was found that Science education has great potential to articulate traditional knowledge and scientific understanding, fostering critical reflection on the social, cultural, and biological impacts of alcoholism. Thus, it is concluded that Science education, when conducted interculturally and in a contextualized manner, can constitute an important instrument of social transformation, contributing to the strengthening of cultural identity, the promotion of health, and the appreciation of life in Indigenous communities. The research therefore reinforces the importance of a scientific education committed to the sociocultural reality of Indigenous peoples and to the development of school practices that integrate education, culture, and health as inseparable dimensions of human formation. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Dissertação

2026-08-27T00:00:00Z Santos, Cristiano de Assumpção https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/8673 2026-10-01T18:32:05Z 2026-08-18T00:00:00Z

Title: Impacto da urbanização na microbacia do rio Cascavel – município de Cascavel – Paraná – Período 2015 a 2020 Autor: Santos, Cristiano de Assumpção Primeiro orientador: Feiden, Armin Abstract: Rapid and unplanned urban growth has caused significant changes in watershed dynamics, compromising their capacity for hydrological regulation and their environmental sustainability. The Cascavel River micro-watershed, located in the municipality of Cascavel, Paraná, Brazil, with a catchment area of 50.51 km², is a representative example of this process, as its headwaters lie within the urban perimeter and are directly affected by urban and agricultural expansion in the region. This study analyzed the impacts of urbanization on the streamflow of the Cascavel River micro watershed, investigating the relationship between increasing soil sealing, land use and occupation, and the watershed's hydrological response over time. The methodology combines analysis of historical streamflow and precipitation records from 2002 to 2020, supervised classification of Sentinel-2 satellite imagery (2015-2020) processed in QGIS using the Maximum Likelihood algorithm (MAXVER), with an Overall Accuracy of 86.57% and a Kappa coefficient of 0.8159, and multivariate statistical analysis through Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis. A continuous expansion of the urbanized area was identified, from 28.41% to 31.28% of the micro-watershed (+1.45 km² over six years), at the expense of temporary cropland and remaining forest cover. Mean daily streamflow dropped from 1.53 m³/s in 2018 to 0.33 m³/s in 2020 — a decrease of approximately 78% — including an interval between 2018 and 2019 in which precipitation varied by only 3.4% while streamflow fell by 66%. The multivariate analysis organized the data into two orthogonal factors — a rainfall factor and a hydrological response factor — accounting for 79.70% of the total variance, evidencing a partial decoupling between precipitation and streamflow. The results indicate a contribution of urbanization and soil sealing to the variations in the Cascavel River's streamflow, with effects on surface runoff, infiltration, and basin recharge, and risks associated with a higher frequency of extreme events, such as floods and severe droughts. The findings provide technical support for public policies and for environmental recovery and urban planning strategies, with a focus on water resources conservation and the mitigation of the effects of urban densification. Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Tipo do documento: Tese

2026-08-18T00:00:00Z