Fatores que afetam a produção da farinha de vísceras de aves e avaliação de métodos rápidos para o controle da qualidade

Abstract

Poultry by-product meal (PBM) is one of the main protein sources used in pet food manufacturing. However, the poultry offal meal quality is not yet standardized and many factors interfere in this control. Considering that, the objective of this work is to analyze the factors that affect the PBM quality from processing in industry to the finished product and evaluation new quality control methods. In the processing, the digester temperature, pressure, processing time were measured. In the finished product, the bromatological composition, humidity, water activity, residual synthetic antioxidants, coloring, concentration of biogenic amines (Histamine) and hydroxyproline (Total Collagen) were analyzed. These are considered independent variables in the study and their relationship with two dependent variables has been studied, which are: protein oxidation and in vitro digestibility of PBM. For the analysis of results the Multivariate Analysis was used, for this, the independent variables were submitted to an Exploratory Factor Analysis and grouped. Then the dependent variables were grouped by means of hierarchical clusters and the influences of the independent variables (factors) on the products of protein oxidation and in vitro digestibility of organic matter were verified. All results were considered significant at 5% probability. Among the proposed analyzes, the biogenic amines were validated using the High Efficiency Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) as a conventional method to correlate with the Histamine Elisa Kit (rapid test) and the effect of temperature on protein oxidation using the method Spectrofluorimetry was evaluated. Processing did not influence in vitro digestibility or protein oxidation. This study showed that the studied plant presents good process conditions without interfering in the PBM quality, being the raw material the main quality component in which it differentiates the type of PBM manufactured, low and high ash.