Emulsificante em dietas com diferentes fontes lipídicas para frangos de corte

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of diets with different lipid sources, with or without inclusion of emulsifier on productivity, physiological parameters, carcass and cut yields, meat quality and antioxidant status of broilers. For this purpose, 1,056 male day-old broiler were distributed in a completely randomized design in a 2 x 3 factorial design (with or without emulsifier inclusion x three lipid sources – acid soybean oil (ASO), degummed soybean oil (DSO) and deactivated full-fat soybean (DFS)), with eight replications and 22 birds each. The glyceryl polyethyleneglycol ricinoleate-based emulsifier was added to diets at 350 g ton-1 with the recommended apparent metabolizable energy level reduced by 40 kcal kg-1 from 1 to 21 d and 50 kcal kg-1 from 22 to 49 d old. The inclusion of emulsifiers, regardless of the source used, worsened the feed conversion ratio (FCR) of birds in the period of 1 to 35 and 1 to 49 days. DFS worsened the FCR of broilers in the total breeding period, regardless of the use of emulsifier. At 49 days of age of the birds, the use of fat emulsifier increased the serum level of triglycerides in the diet composed of DSO and reduced in the diet that contained ASO. DFS decreased the serum HDL content compared to ASO. The use of the emulsifier decreased the relative weight of the pancreas in the ASO lipid source at 49 days. The crypt depth was greater in birds fed with ASO and less for DFS. The inclusion of emulsifiers in diets containing DFS worsened the digestibility coefficients of crude protein, crude energy and dry matter; however, it improved the digestible energy of ASO. Pancreatic lipase activity, serum superoxide dismutase and TBARS activity, and meet quality parameters have not been affected by lipid sources and use of emulsifiers. In breast meat, the luminosity and yellow intensity 24 hours post mortem were higher for birds fed with DFS. The use of emulsifiers reduced the yield of sassami and the percentage of abdominal fat. The performance of birds that consumed ASO was similar to those that received DSO, without prejudice to meat quality, showing itself as a potential substitute for DSO. The use of the emulsifier together with sources with low lipid exposure, such as DFS, is detrimental to both the performance and the digestibility of nutrients. Regardless of the source used, the energy reduction combined with the use of the emulsifier maintained performance until 21 days of age.