Distribuição de cesáreas em município de fronteira segundo a classificação de Robson

Abstract

The incidence of cesarean sections has increased considerably in Brazil and in the world. This type of delivery refers to a safe surgical procedure that must be performed to resolve an obstetric emergency, based on specific recommendations to preserve mother and newborn life. Surgical delivery can trigger complications which involve injury to the woman and the newborn when applied in an untimely manner, without indication. For the fetus, the risks result in premature births and increase the incidence of hospitalization in a neonatal intensive care unit. The objective of this study was to identify the incidence of surgical deliveries and the indication according to the Robson Classification in border region. Data collection was performed in the first semester of 2017. The population was composed of all the women who went through the birthing process from 2012 to 2016, in a hospital institution of reference for gestation of high risk in Foz do Iguaçu, PR. Data analysis was performed through the Statistica 8.0 program, using the χ2 test with significance level of 5% and for the multivariate analysis the logistic regression model will be used. Gross Odds Ratios (OR) and their 95% confidence intervals will be estimated, with a p value of <0.05. The Robson Classification was used. A total of 21,159 records of women were analyzed in the period 2012-2016, in which 11,442 were vaginal deliveries and 9,717 surgical deliveries were classified according to Robson Classification. For nationality, 90.25% were Brazilian, 4.78% were Paraguayan, and 2.75% had this dual citizens, 0.75% were from Argentina and 1.39% were from another country. Robson group 3 was the most significant for births for 28% for Brazilians and 27.35% for foreigners. The Robson Groups with the highest incidence of surgical delivery were 1, 3 and 5, and groups 1, 2, 3 and 4 need more attention and evaluation to avoid unnecessary caesars in these particular groups.The Robson Classification was shown to be very important in order to analyze cesarean in an unnecessary way. The use of the 10 Robson’s groups points to a restructuring of the care directed to the woman in the period of pregnancy and puerperal and in this study they point to specific groups of Robson that deserve attention as groups 1 to 4, in which the major concern is to avoid cesarean.