Produção e qualidade de frutos de morangueiro cultivados sobre coberturas plásticas de solo

Abstract

The objective of this work was to evaluate the productive and quality characteristics of strawberry cultivars of short and neutral days, on mulchings in the city of Dois Vizinhos-PR. Two experiments were carried out in protected environment on private property in the municipality of Dois Vizinhos, Paraná, Brazil. The experiments were conducted between May 2015 and January 2016, entitled: (1) Agronomic characteristics of short-day strawberry cultivars on mulchings; (2) Agronomic characteristics of long-day strawberry cultivars on mulchings. The seedlings from Chile were transplanted in the months of May and June. In the experiment 1 the factors of cultivation of short days (Camarosa and Camino Real) and mulching colors (white, silver and black) were evaluated. Experiment 2 evaluated the neutral day cultivars (Monterey, San Andreas, Albion, Aromas and Portola) and the mulching colors (white, silver and black). In both experiments the harvests were performed every two days, and the fruits were harvested when they presented 75% of the coloration of the red epidermis. The values obtained in the harvests for fruit biomass and number of fruits were summed within each experimental unit and divided by the number of plants that constituted each experimental unit, thus obtaining the production per plant, number of fruits per plant and average fresh biomass Of the fruits. The pH, soluble solids, titratable acidity, SS / AT ratio and fruit color (luminosity and color) were evaluated for fruit quality. The levels of chlorophyll a and b, chlorophyll a + b and chlorophyll a / b ratio in leaves were also measured. At the end of the productive cycle, destructive evaluations of leaf number, leaf area and dry biomass of the aerial part were carried out. With the accomplishment of the present work it can be concluded that with white mulching the plants presented lower vegetative development and higher production values and fruit size. Regarding fruit quality aspects, the mulchings showed no influence. Among the cultivars of short days the cultivar Camino Real presented fruits with greater biomass (14.89 g) and more attractive in the appearance of color of epidermis. Among the cultivars of neutral days, the cultivar Aromas obtained higher yield per plant (892.06 g) and stood out from the others for the conditions of Dois Vizinhos-PR. The cultivar Portola showed lower value for fruit biomass (10.62 g). For fruit quality Albion and Monterey were superior to the others.