Consórcio de duas espécies forrageiras com milho: caracteristicas fitotécnicas, produtividade e composição bromatológica

Abstract

The objective of this work was to evaluate two experiments: a) maize consortium with two fodder species in three sowing modalities and exclusive corn, the phytotechnical characteristics, corn production and composition of the corn were evaluated, b) evaluation of the production and composition of the forage fodder -collection of corn. The Experiments were installed in the Experimental Farm Professor Antonio Carlos dos Santos Pessoa Guará line, belonging to the Center of Agricultural Sciences of the State University of the West of Paraná, in a dystrophic Red Latosol, the experimental designs used were in blocks, being experiment a) 7 treatments in a 2x3 + 1 factorial scheme, with 4 replicates and experiment b) 6 treatments 2x3, with 4 replicates. The plant characteristics, plant population, dry mass production and chemical composition of the corn plant were evaluated in the corn plant. Fodder characteristics and bromatological composition were evaluated in the forages. In the phytotechnical evaluations of maize and forage plants, due to the consortium and fodder modalities, no significant differences were observed in any of the analyzed variables. In relation to the corn plant population, the consortium with Brachiaria ruziziensis decreased plant density due to competition whose forage inhibited maize from issuing tillers. In the bromatological evaluations, a significant difference was found for the DM and NDF variables, with the highest values attributed to maize plants in a consortium with Panicum maximum cv. Mombasa. For post-harvest forage evaluations of corn, it was observed that in both cut-off periods no significant differences were found in the variables MS, MM, OM, NDF, FDA, LIG and CEL. Analyzing the data obtained, it was verified that the use of the maize consortium in both forage species studied, Panicum maximum cv. mombaça and Brachiaria ruziziensis in the three types of sowing line, interline and haul compared to exclusive corn do not alter the phytotechnical characteristics, production and nutritive aspects of corn for silage. In relation to dry matter production and chemical composition of the post-harvest forages, both presented similar behavior in the two studied periods.