Sexualidade e agressividade do adolescente no espaço escolar: contribuições psicanalíticas

Abstract

The present research aims to cover the theme of Sexuality as an ontological category within Psychoanalysis. In this way, the paper has investigated the relationship between the aggressiveness and sexuality categories in adolescents at a school context, considering them interrelated in this research. Psychoanalysis, in its genesis, considers the relation of aggressiveness to sexuality in dealing with the drives of life and death, a basic concept on the construction of psychoanalytic theory developed by Freud (1856-1939). For this theory, aggressiveness is manifested from childhood, in the biological, psychological and social development of the individual, as explained by Freud through Sexuality. Pedagogy can rely on psychoanalytic theory to understand the link between aggressiveness and sexuality, in order to understand the adolescent subject in school routine. Dialectical historical materialism was adopted as a theoretical-philosophical method, which has made possible the comprehension of the investigated reality. This research was constituted in the field of qualitative-quantitative research, having as a methodology, bibliographical review and field research. We chose as research procedures, the bibliographic review, in theses and dissertations, resulting from the masters and doctorate courses of the stricto sensu programs of the Paraná’s state universities. We considered as subjects of the research, 17 adolescents between 13 and 15 years of age, and 11 teachers who teach these students in different knowledge areas. The application of semiopen questionnaires to students and teachers was the instrument used to collect data in the school environment. We identified the relationship aggressiveness-sexuality in adolescence, in the school context, from the theoretical knowledge psychoanalytic. In this way, we understand the continued formation for teachers as a necessary course, aiming at acting in emancipatory Sexual Education, which aims to promote the experience of sexuality in a healthy, responsible and autonomous way, since, we believe in the valorization of everyday relationships for effective of the respect and pleasure of living, primarily, in the school space.