Avaliação das pressões em silos verticais conforme diferentes normas internacionais

Abstract

In engineering it is always looked to construct resistant structures, safe and economically viable. The safe and economic project of the structures is function of the imposed actions; in the case of silos it does not have a Brazilian norm that it prescribes on its projects and action, moreover, some divergences are observed between the foreign norms. This main work as objective the comparative analysis of the lapsings of the international norms: ENV (1995), the 3774 (1996), ACI 313 (1991), DIN 1055 (1987) and BMHB (1985), becoming an analysis statistics between them, being elaborated an electronic spread sheet of calculation of the pressures, being able itself to vary the properties, to facilitate to the analysis and the development of an theoretician-experimental study. It still has as purpose to present a theoretical study of the pressures in vertical silos, for this, a state of the art of the theories of pressures proposals for the most important researchers was developed and finally the modeling of a silo to be analyzed through Ansys® software. The comparative analysis statistics of the main foreign norms showed the existence of sufficiently significant differences between the gotten values, being that in the case of the horizontal pressures it has differences of up to 59% (between norm BMHB and DIN) and that in the average the lesser values are gotten in the British and the greaters in the German. It was still verified that the majority of the foreign norms adopts the theory of Janssen for the determination of the horizontal pressures. In relation to the vertical pressures, the difference between the norms arrived 400% almost (between norms ENV and), in average the lesser values is gotten in the European norm and the greaters in the Australian, were still observed that the model of Janssen, without no alteration are considered by norm ACI. E in the case of the pressures of attrition with the wall the lesser values are gotten in norm BMHB and the greaters in the DIN, having arrived themselves it 59% differences (between norm BMHB and DIN). In relation to the use of the Ansys® program an initial plan of modeling of a silo was sketched, observing itself that the program and the methodology are useful, being able itself to make a refinement, to compare the results and to vary the in agreement pressure the diverse existing norms, being able to be developed in a future work, becoming a comparative degree between practical theoretician and with silo use archetype and cells of pressure.