A teoria crítica de H. Marcuse: fundamentação filosófica de um novo princípio de realidade

Abstract

The aim objective of this master thesis is to stimulate a reading on the Herbert Marcuse s work that rises an innovative comprehension of the established capitalist society, in order to foster possibilities for social change guided by primarily qualitative dimensions. For this purpose we sought, first, to situate Marcuse in the context of the Frankfurt School and critical theory, as well as demonstrate the development of the specificities of the critical theory improved by him. When Marcuse appropriated of the Marx and Freud s ideas, he has raised a possibility of conceptual expansion, enabling, for instance, the idea of an extension of the social place of denial and the historical contextualization of the reality principle. By pointing out these conceptual extensions and the historicity of the reality principle, also specifying the surplus- repression and performance principle, Marcuse overcomes Freud supported by Marx and expands Marx thematic horizon supported by Freud. It became possible to perform a reading that identifies, even in the biological and natural base, potential changes in human social relations with this theoretical-critical construction. These, especially guided for structural modifications in view of a new sensibility and a new solidarity. The theoretical perspectives thus conquered legitimize the possibility of certain groups and social movements being considered new locals of social place of denial. These have developed and / or preserved the ability of providing subsidies for the modification of the reality principle and, therefore, boost the qualitative change of the whole society. In this perspective it becomes possible to determine parameters for identifying (and fostering) emancipatory capacities of certain social groups in a broad and fruitful way. The possibilities of engagement and change, thus, expanded, diversified and strengthened.