Avaliação do potencial de utilização da macrófita aquática seca Salvinia sp. no tratamento de efluentes de fecularia

Abstract

The industries of cassava processing are considered great polluting, therefore they generate highly pollutant a wastewater, the manipueira, with high concentration of organic substance. The method of treatment used in these industries is basically the system of stabilization. However, in function of the raised organic load, normally the effluent end if does not present in adequately favorable conditions for the ousting in hydrias resources, being essential a complementary treatment, so that the wastewater is adjusted to the current law. Thus, this work had for objective to study the removal of organic substance, nutrients and metals weighed, by means of a batelada system, for the dry biomass of the macrófita Salvinia sp. In this direction, with intention to investigate the factors that influence the capacity of removal of these contaminantes and to understand the mechanisms of this process, it was used as technique of factorial planning rotational central delineation composed - DCCR, verifying the influence of three independent 0 variable: pH initial, initial concentration of biomass - C and agitation -. The gotten results had shown that the best operational conditions had in accordance with varied the studied pollutant, thus best pH were: 5,8 for the match - P and zinc - Zn and 8,2 for the chemical demand of oxygen - DQO, nitrogen - N and have covered - Cu; the best concentration of biomass of 0,0013 g/mL for the DQO, the N, P and Zn and 0,0053 g/mL for the Cu and the 30 agitation of rpm for DQO and N and 120 rpm for the P, Zn and Cu. For the Compact disc removal of 100% in practically all was gotten the assays, in virtue of low the initial concentration of this metal. The gotten results had allowed to conclude respectively that in the best operational conditions the dry biomass of the Salvinia sp. influenced positively in process, reaching 97.91% of removal of DQO, 99.96% of P and 99.67% of N, with initial concentration of 20.480, 121,6 and 350 mg/L. Moreover, the results had shown to the promising character of the Salvinia sp. as biossorvente, being capable to adsorver up to 76,70% of íons of Zn, 99.79% of Cu and 100% of íons Compact disc, in industrias liquid residues contend small metal concentration heavy. The assays with the isotherms of adsorção of Zn and Cu had indicated that the capacity of biossorção of copper and 0,50 zinc had been approximately of 0,70 and meq/g in pH 5,0, being that the best adjustment occurred with the Isotherm of Sips.