Caracterização bioeconômica de diferentes idades de acasalamento de gado de corte no sudoeste da Bahia e no noroeste do Paraná

Abstract

Aiming to characterize the economic viability of different ages of mating of beef cattle in the southwestern regions of Bahia and northwestern Paraná, a simulation was performed by the software NTIA / CM (1995) of EMBRAPA and Excel spreadsheet of three systems creates beef cattle with different levels of fertility. System 1, the age at first coverage was 26 months; System 2, the age at first coverage was 18 months for heifers and 26 months earlier for heifers that fail to cover first, System 3, age was the first cover 15 months. In all three systems the production costs were higher in the state of Paraná. The systems 1 and 2 were economically unviable due to low fertility and high mortality rates established in the two states. The rate of sale of animals such systems was considered high and the herd has not achieved stability in the number of heads during the course of 10 years. In system 1, birth rates of 82 and 60%, 83 and 60% for cows and heifers in the two states respectively and 77.5 and 75%, 78.5 and 75% in the 2 for the same categories in both states showed that it is possible that the herd reach the numerical stability, but the producer would have their profitability undermined by the high mortality rate in this system. The system creates 3, was more profitable because the best rates applied. The age of the first 15 months cover attaches to the system creates a fast return on invested capital that systems that require pregnancies of females over 24 months. The system 3 in Bahia had rates of return on investment equal to those obtained with applications in CBD and rdb files and 4.46% lower than the investment in savings. In Paraná the rate of return was lower than alternative investments cited. The best value was achieved in the economic system 3 in both states because better and enjoy better levels of productivity