Influência do espaçamento e da poda apical no tomateiro cultivado no sistema orgânico, em ambiente protegido

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of four plant spacing, associated with four systems of tip pruning, yield and quality of tomato fruit in the system of organic production in protected environment. The experiment was conducted in a protected environment, in the Sector of Organic Culture of the Experimental Station Prof. Dr. Antonio Carlos dos Santos Pessoa of the Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná (UNIOESTE), in the city of Marechal Cândido Rondon-PR, in the period November of 2008 until April of 2009. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block, in project of parcels split-split plot design in the space, with four repetitions. The treatments had been constituted by the combination of four plant spacing (0,2, 0,3, 0,4 and 0,5 m), in the plot, with four tip pruning (3, 4, 5 and 6 clusters for plant), in split plot , and six clusters (1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 clusters in the plant), in split-split plot. The seedlings of the hybrid of tomato Alambra were transplanted on the 26th day after the sowing (DAS). The harvest began at 64 th days after transplanting (DAT) and finished on 119 th DAT. The following parameters were evaluated: fruit mass marketable and total for plant, fruit number marketable and total for plant, fruit individual mass marketable and total, fruit yield marketable and total, longitudinal diameter of normal fruits, transversal diameter of normal fruits, percentage of abnormal fruits, soluble solid text, pH, titratable acidity, height of plants and stem diameter. The data were subjected to analysis of variance of linear models to verify the significance of the effects of plant spacing, tip pruning, cluster and their interactions. Considering the conditions where the experiment was developed it can conclude that the fruits of the first clusters of the plant have a higher mass of fruit, independent of the tip pruning and adopted spacing; the tip pruning after the third cluster reduces marketable yield of tomato fruits, the plant spacing of 0,2 and 0.3 m provide higher total yield, and the tip pruning and planting density have a variable effect on fruit quality of tomato