Desempenho agronômico de trigo em função de diferentes espaçamentos e densidades de semeadura em dois anos agrícolas

Abstract

Optimizing the use of agricultural inputs and efficient management of the wheat crop may increase the potential yield per unit area. In this sense, the objective of this research was to evaluate the agronomic performance of wheat for different spacings, plant densities and crop years. The experiment was carried out in the years 2010 and 2011 in the municipality of Marechal Cândido Rondon - PR. We used the experimental design of randomized blocks in a 3x4 factorial design. The first factor consisted of three spacings (13, 17 and 21 cm between rows), the second factor consists of four seeding rates (200, 300, 400 and 500 viable seeds m2). The results indicated that the lower densities (200 and 300 seeds m2) conditioned to a greater number of spikelets per spike, spike length, number of grains in ten ears and weight of hundred grains, as well as fewer tillers unviable because m2. Smallest spacings evaluated (13 and 17 cm) promoted greater weight of ears per m2 and greater accumulation of plant dry matter. One can show that productivity was higher in 2011 compared to 2010. In addition, lower seeding rates (200 and 300 seeds per m2) and spacings (13 and 17 cm) resulted in lower production cost and higher cost / benefit ratio