TEDE Collection:
https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/580
2024-03-14T19:25:43ZSuplementação com produtos de fermentação de leveduras para vacas em lactação
https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/7062
Title: Suplementação com produtos de fermentação de leveduras para vacas em lactação
Autor: Oliveira, Leandro Cecato de
Primeiro orientador: Zambom, Maximiliane Alavarse
Abstract: This study aims to evaluate the effect of including yeast fermentation products in the diet of lactating cows on the parameters of intake and digestibility of dry matter and nutrients, ruminal parameters, blood parameters, milk production and quality. Thus, four treatments were used in a Latin triple square design with twelve lactating cows: control diet (CON), yeast culture (CL), autolyzed yeast (LAL), yeast culture enriched with yeast extract + MOS + ß-glucans (CLE). The Shapiro-Wilk normality test was applied, and the Tukey test was used to compare treatments. Data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS 9.3. We observed no change in dry matter and nutrient intake between treatments. Including autolyzed yeast reduced the digestibility of acid detergent fiber compared to yeast culture. The other nutrient digestibilities observed did not differ between the evaluated treatments. Blood parameters before the day’s first fedding and four hours after the start of feeding were not influenced by the treatments evaluated. There was no difference between treatments when pH, ammonia nitrogen, acetate, propionate and butyrate in rumen fluid were evaluated. The addition of yeast culture increased milk production, milk production corrected for fat and energy, fat, protein and lactose in kilograms per cow per day. Autolyzed yeast only increased protein production in kilograms per cow per day. The enriched yeast culture increased milk, lactose and protein production in kilograms per cow per day. There was a tendency to use yeast culture to reduce somatic cell counts. The inclusion of yeast culture increased net lactation energy. The yeast fermentation products evaluated in the study improved the productive performance of lactating dairy cows, maintaining the animals' health.
Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná
Tipo do documento: Dissertação2023-10-20T00:00:00ZEfeitos da densidade e tempo de espera em frigorífico sobre o bem-estar animal, lesões da pele e qualidade de carne suína
https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/7061
Title: Efeitos da densidade e tempo de espera em frigorífico sobre o bem-estar animal, lesões da pele e qualidade de carne suína
Autor: Rocha, Luana Torres da
Primeiro orientador: Carvalho, Paulo Levi de Oliveira
Abstract: One of the most important phases of animal production is the pre-slaughter period, which is a cause of stress to pigs, and can negatively influence the physiological conditions, as well as the meat quality. The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of stocking density and lairage time at the slaughterhouse on the welfare of pigs (stress physiological parameters and animal behaviour), as well as the quality of carcass (skin damage) and pork meat. To this end, a total of 1.858 immunocastrated male pigs, with mean body weight of 144±11 kg, same genetic background (Agroceres-PIC) and originating from farms of similar design, management and distance from the slaughterhouse (50 km), were distributed into an experimental design in randomized blocks aimed at assessing the effects of two stocking densities (0.42 m²/100kg and 0.66 m²/100kg) and two lairage times (2 h and 6 h), which were combined in order to create the following four treatments: 0.42 m² x 2 h, 0.42 m² x 6 h, 0.66 m² x 2 h and 0.66 m² x 6 h. Animals housed at high density conditions (0.42 m²) showed higher skin damage index, as well as a tendency for higher blood cortisol level at slaughter (P < 0.05 and P = 0.08, respectively). Overcrowding influenced the resting of the animals during the last hour of lairage, with a greater number of pigs standing or sitting due to lack of space to lie down. The pigs that were rested for longer time (6 h) showed increased blood hematocrit at slaughter and pHu value (P < 0.05 for both) when compared to those rested for less time (2 h). The results of this study confirm the negative effect of high density and longer time in the slaughterhouse, mainly on exsanguination blood cortisol levels and skin lesion score on pig carcasses.
Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná
Tipo do documento: Dissertação2023-10-26T00:00:00ZAssociação de enzimas amilase e xilanase sobre o desempenho e saúde intestinal de frangos de corte
https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/7030
Title: Associação de enzimas amilase e xilanase sobre o desempenho e saúde intestinal de frangos de corte
Autor: Colcetta, Bárbara
Primeiro orientador: Eyng, Cinthia
Abstract: This work aimed to evaluate the association of amylase and xylanase enzymes in broiler chicken diets during the grower phase on performance, intestinal morphometry and histopathology, short-chain fatty acid profile of cecal content, serum cytokine concentration and economic analysis of production. In the experiment, a total of 980 one-day-old male Cobb 500® broiler chicks were distributed in a completely randomized design, in a 2 x 3 + 1 factorial scheme, with two levels of amylase (100 and 200 U kg-1) x three levels of xylanase (0,1000 and 2000 U kg-1) + one positive control (PC), totaling seven treatments, with seven replications of 20 birds per experimental unit. The PC was formulated according to the nutritional requirements of the lineage. The diets containing amylase and xylanase had the nutriotinal matrix valued at 100 kcal of metabolizable energy and 6% of crude protein and digestible amino acids (lysine, methionine, methionine + cystine, threonine and tryptophan). At 14 days, birds that consumed 1000 U kg-1 of xylanase had better feed conversion compared to birds that did not receive diets containing enzymes, while with enzymatic supplementation feed intake and weight gain was similar to PC. Diets containing 100 U kg-1 of amylase, without xylanase, provided better I See Inside (ISI) score indices. No difference was found for the morphometric parameters, in the concentration of acetic, butyric and isovaletic acids and in the concentration of interleukins 6, 10 and 16 of the chickens at 28 days of age. The analysis of the feed cost showed that enzymatic supplementation, both amylase and xylanase, is economically viable, reducing approximately 3.3% the production cost in relation to PC. The performance of broilers that received amylase and xylanase with reduced energy and protein did not match the group that received diets without inclusion of enzymes and higher nutritional levels and did not affect the intestinal health and immunological parameters of the birds at 28 days of age. Considering the economic viability analysis, the enzyme supplementation provided a reduction in the feed cost of production of broiler chickens up to 28 days of age.
Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná
Tipo do documento: Dissertação2023-09-05T00:00:00ZDesenvolvimento embrionário de Rhamdia quelen proveniente de fêmeas alimentadas com rações suplementadas com ácido fólico
https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/7012
Title: Desenvolvimento embrionário de Rhamdia quelen proveniente de fêmeas alimentadas com rações suplementadas com ácido fólico
Autor: Gonzalez, Micáila Bolzon
Primeiro orientador: Bombardelli, Robie Allan
Abstract: Nutritional supplementation of broodstock can be a strategy to improve the quality of fry in the market, as the deposition of a more nutritionally rich yolk could better meet the needs of embryos and larvae. Studies have proven that folic acid plays a role in DNA
formation, erythropoiesis, protein synthesis, and embryonic development in different species. This work aims to evaluate the effect of folic acid on the development of embryos from female Rhamdia quelen fed with folic acid. A total of 540 R. quelen fry (3.71±0.01g) were housed in
18 cages with dimensions of 4x2x1m and with a mesh size of 15mm, installed in two dug ponds lined with masonry (200m²) and with an earthen bottom. The fish were fed diets containing six levels of folic acid inclusion: 0.00; 0.75; 1.50; 2.25; 3.00 and 3.75 mg of folic acid. The experiment lasted for 300 days. At the beginning of spring, the fish were classified by gender. The 270 females (155.70±1.97 g) were housed among the cages, where they began to be fed twice a day with their respective treatments. Upon reaching sexual maturity, five females from each cage underwent artificial reproduction protocol with CPE for oocyte collection and fertilization. A pool of 5ml of oocytes from each female per treatment was fertilized with an inseminating dose of 100,000 motile sperm per oocyte. The eggs were activated in 2000ml containers with the addition of 200ml of water. Egg samples were collected with a 10ml pipette and transferred to 10ml bottles with formalin buffered with calcium carbonate at 4%. During the 36 hours post-fertilization (HPF), samples were collected at specific times. The data were submitted to Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) main effects and Duncan’s multiple comparison test for mean comparisons. The offspring from females who received 3.00 mg of folic acid kg 1 were those that had an acceleration (p<0.05) in neurula and pharyngula stages and the highest percentage of normality. The abnormalities found may contribute to future studies in fish ontogenetic development. Folic acid improved embryo development, therefore, supplementation at this dose is recommended for Rhamdia quelen broodstock.
Publisher: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná
Tipo do documento: Dissertação2023-10-10T00:00:00Z